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HttpClient使用心得

HttpClient4使用

最近项目中使用httpclient4,发现总是存在http请求未关闭情况,因此找了官网的demo记录一下。

package org.apache.http.examples.client;  

import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.List;  

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;  
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;  
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;  

public class QuickStart {  

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {  
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();  
        try {  
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://targethost/homepage");  
            CloseableHttpResponse response1 = httpclient.execute(httpGet);  
            // The underlying HTTP connection is still held by the response object  
            // to allow the response content to be streamed directly from the network socket.  
            // In order to ensure correct deallocation of system resources  
            // the user MUST call CloseableHttpResponse#close() from a finally clause.  
            // Please note that if response content is not fully consumed the underlying  
            // connection cannot be safely re-used and will be shut down and discarded  
            // by the connection manager.  
            try {  
                System.out.println(response1.getStatusLine());  
                HttpEntity entity1 = response1.getEntity();  
                // do something useful with the response body  
                // and ensure it is fully consumed  
                EntityUtils.consume(entity1);  
            } finally {  
                response1.close();  
            }  

            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://targethost/login");  
            List <NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList <NameValuePair>();  
            nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "vip"));  
            nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "secret"));  
            httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps));  
            CloseableHttpResponse response2 = httpclient.execute(httpPost);  

            try {  
                System.out.println(response2.getStatusLine());  
                HttpEntity entity2 = response2.getEntity();  
                // do something useful with the response body  
                // and ensure it is fully consumed  
                EntityUtils.consume(entity2);  
            } finally {  
                response2.close();  
            }  
        } finally {  
            httpclient.close();  
        }  
    }  

}  

提示一说明:

1.HTTP连接隐藏在response对象中,以便于response流在网络中传递。

2.为了保证系统资源的重新分配,必须使用CloseableHttpResponse#close()关闭连接

3.请注意如果response内容没有被毁灭掉,http连接将不能被安全地再次使用,可能被连接管理器关闭掉或丢弃掉。

提示二说明
返回responseBody的方法

// 获取内容  
String responseBody = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());  

常见问题

在使用的过程中抛出如下错误

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Entity may not be null  
   at org.apache.http.util.Args.notNull(Args.java:48)  
   at org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils.toString(EntityUtils.java:213)  
   at org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils.toString(EntityUtils.java:288)  

经排查代码使用
EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());

当304响应时,entity为NULL,因此抛出异常。

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