🎭 Playwright for Python 
Docs | Website | Python API reference
Playwright is a Python library to automate Chromium, Firefox and WebKit browsers with a single API. Playwright delivers automation that is ever-green, capable, reliable and fast. See how Playwright is better.
| Linux | macOS | Windows | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chromium 86.0.4238.0 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| WebKit 14.0 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| Firefox 80.0b8 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
Headless execution is supported for all browsers on all platforms.
Usage
pip install playwright
python -m playwright installThis installs Playwright and browser binaries for Chromium, Firefox and WebKit. Playwright requires Python 3.7+.
Record and generate code
Playwright can record user interactions in a browser and generate code. See demo.
# Pass --help to see all options
python -m playwright codegenPlaywright offers both sync (blocking) API and async API. They are identical in terms of capabilities and only differ in how one consumes the API.
Sync API
from playwright import sync_playwright
with sync_playwright() as p:
for browser_type in [p.chromium, p.firefox, p.webkit]:
browser = browser_type.launch()
page = browser.newPage()
page.goto('http://whatsmyuseragent.org/')
page.screenshot(path=f'example-{browser_type.name}.png')
browser.close()Async API
import asyncio
from playwright import async_playwright
async def main():
async with async_playwright() as p:
for browser_type in [p.chromium, p.firefox, p.webkit]:
browser = await browser_type.launch()
page = await browser.newPage()
await page.goto('http://whatsmyuseragent.org/')
await page.screenshot(path=f'example-{browser_type.name}.png')
await browser.close()
asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(main())With pytest
Use our pytest plugin for Playwright.
def test_playwright_is_visible_on_google(page):
page.goto("https://www.google.com")
page.type("input[name=q]", "Playwright GitHub")
page.click("input[type=submit]")
page.waitForSelector("text=microsoft/Playwright")Interactive mode (REPL)
>>> from playwright import sync_playwright
>>> playwright = sync_playwright().start()
# Use playwright.chromium, playwright.firefox or playwright.webkit
# Pass headless=False to see the browser UI
>>> browser = playwright.chromium.launch()
>>> page = browser.newPage()
>>> page.goto("http://whatsmyuseragent.org/")
>>> page.screenshot(path="example.png")
>>> browser.close()
>>> playwright.stop()Examples
Mobile and geolocation
This snippet emulates Mobile Safari on a device at a given geolocation, navigates to maps.google.com, performs action and takes a screenshot.
from playwright import sync_playwright
with sync_playwright() as p:
iphone_11 = p.devices['iPhone 11 Pro']
browser = p.webkit.launch(headless=False)
context = browser.newContext(
**iphone_11,
locale='en-US',
geolocation={ 'longitude': 12.492507, 'latitude': 41.889938 },
permissions=['geolocation']
)
page = context.newPage()
page.goto('https://maps.google.com')
page.click('text="Your location"')
page.screenshot(path='colosseum-iphone.png')
browser.close()Async variant
import asyncio
from playwright import async_playwright
async def main():
async with async_playwright() as p:
iphone_11 = p.devices['iPhone 11 Pro']
browser = await p.webkit.launch(headless=False)
context = await browser.newContext(
**iphone_11,
locale='en-US',
geolocation={ 'longitude': 12.492507, 'latitude': 41.889938 },
permissions=['geolocation']
)
page = await context.newPage()
await page.goto('https://maps.google.com')
await page.click('text="Your location"')
await page.screenshot(path='colosseum-iphone.png')
await browser.close()
asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(main())Evaluate JS in browser
This code snippet navigates to example.com in Firefox, and executes a script in the page context.
from playwright import sync_playwright
with sync_playwright() as p:
browser = p.firefox.launch()
page = browser.newPage()
page.goto('https://www.example.com/')
dimensions = page.evaluate('''() => {
return {
width: document.documentElement.clientWidth,
height: document.documentElement.clientHeight,
deviceScaleFactor: window.devicePixelRatio
}
}''')
print(dimensions)
browser.close()Async variant
import asyncio
from playwright import async_playwright
async def main():
async with async_playwright() as p:
browser = await p.firefox.launch()
page = await browser.newPage()
await page.goto('https://www.example.com/')
dimensions = await page.evaluate('''() => {
return {
width: document.documentElement.clientWidth,
height: document.documentElement.clientHeight,
deviceScaleFactor: window.devicePixelRatio
}
}''')
print(dimensions)
await browser.close()
asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(main())Intercept network requests
This code snippet sets up request routing for a Chromium page to log all network requests.
from playwright import sync_playwright
with sync_playwright() as p:
browser = p.chromium.launch()
page = browser.newPage()
def log_and_continue_request(route, request):
print(request.url)
route.continue_()
# Log and continue all network requests
page.route('**', lambda route, request: log_and_continue_request(route, request))
page.goto('http://todomvc.com')
browser.close()Async variant
import asyncio
from playwright import async_playwright
async def main():
async with async_playwright() as p:
browser = await p.chromium.launch()
page = await browser.newPage()
def log_and_continue_request(route, request):
print(request.url)
asyncio.create_task(route.continue_())
# Log and continue all network requests
await page.route('**', lambda route, request: log_and_continue_request(route, request))
await page.goto('http://todomvc.com')
await browser.close()
asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(main())Documentation
We are in the process of converting our documentation from the Node.js form to Python. You can go ahead and use the Node.js documentation since the API is pretty much the same. Playwright uses non-Python naming conventions (camelCase instead of snake_case) for its methods. We recognize that this is not ideal, but it was done deliberately, so that you could rely upon Stack Overflow answers and existing documentation.
Named arguments
Since Python allows named arguments, we didn't need to put the options parameter into every call as in the Node.js API. So when you see example like this in JavaScript
await webkit.launch({ headless: false });It translates into Python like this:
webkit.launch(headless=False)If you are using an IDE, it will suggest parameters that are available in every call.
Evaluating functions
Another difference is that in the JavaScript version, page.evaluate accepts JavaScript functions, while this does not make any sense in the Python version.
In JavaScript it will be documented as:
const result = await page.evaluate(([x, y]) => {
return Promise.resolve(x * y);
}, [7, 8]);
console.log(result); // prints "56"And in Python that would look like:
result = page.evaluate("""
([x, y]) => {
return Promise.resolve(x * y);
}""",
[7, 8])
print(result) # prints "56"The library will detect that what are passing it is a function and will invoke it with the given parameters. You can opt out of this function detection and pass force_expr=True to all evaluate functions, but you probably will never need to do that.
Using context managers
Python enabled us to do some of the things that were not possible in the Node.js version and we used the opportunity. Instead of using the page.waitFor* methods, we recommend using corresponding page.expect_* context manager.
In JavaScript it will be documented as:
const [ download ] = await Promise.all([
page.waitForEvent('download'), // <-- start waiting for the download
page.click('button#delayed-download') // <-- perform the action that directly or indirectly initiates it.
]);
const path = await download.path();And in Python that would look much simpler:
with page.expect_download() as download_info:
page.click("button#delayed-download")
download = download_info.value
path = download.path()Similarly, for waiting for the network response:
const [response] = await Promise.all([
page.waitForResponse('**/api/fetch_data'),
page.click('button#update'),
]);Becomes
with page.expect_response("**/api/fetch_data"):
page.click("button#update")Is Playwright for Python ready?
Yes, Playwright for Python is ready. We are still not at the version v1.0, so minor breaking API changes could potentially happen. But a) this is unlikely and b) we will only do that if we know it improves your experience with the new library. We'd like to collect your feedback before we freeze the API for v1.0.
Note: We don't yet support some of the edge-cases of the vendor-specific APIs such as collecting Chromium trace, coverage report, etc.
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