This is a very simple Makefile which knows how to build Arduino sketches. It defines entire workflows for compiling code, flashing it to Arduino and even communicating through Serial monitor. You don't need to change anything in the Arduino sketches.
- Very robust
- Highly customizable
- Supports all official AVR-based Arduino boards
- Supports chipKIT
- Supports Teensy 3.x (via Teensyduino)
- Works on all three major OS (Mac, Linux, Windows)
- Auto detects serial baud rate and libraries used
- Support for
*.ino
and*.pde
sketches as well as raw*.c
and*.cpp
- Support for Arduino Software versions 0.x, 1.0.x, 1.5.x and 1.6.x except 1.6.2. We recommend 1.6.3 or above version of Arduino IDE.
- Automatic dependency tracking. Referred libraries are automatically included
in the build process. Changes in
*.h
files lead to recompilation of sources which include them
If you're using FreeBSD, Debian, Raspbian or Ubuntu, you can find this in the arduino-mk
package which can be installed using apt-get
or aptitude
.
sudo apt-get install arduino-mk
If you're using homebrew (or linuxbrew) then you can find this in the
arduino-mk
package which can be installed using the following commands.
Also make sure you have the necessary dependencies installed. Refer to the Requirements section below to install the dependencies.
# add tap
$ brew tap sudar/arduino-mk
# to install the last stable release
$ brew install arduino-mk
# to install the development version
$ brew install --HEAD arduino-mk
Arch Linux users can use the unofficial AUR package arduino-mk. It can be installed using the following command.
yaourt -S arduino-mk
Fedora Linux users can use our packaging instructions here to build an RPM.
- Download the latest release
- Or clone it from Github using the command
git clone [email protected]:sudar/Arduino-Makefile.git
- Check the usage section in this readme about setting usage options
You need to have the Arduino IDE. You can either install it through the installer or download the distribution zip file and extract it.
The Makefile also delegates resetting the board to a short Python program.
You'll need to install pySerial
to use it though.
On most systems you should be able to install it using either pip
or easy_install
.
pip install pyserial
# or if you prefer easy_install
easy_install -U pyserial
If you prefer to install it as a package, then you can do that as well.
On Debian or Ubuntu:
apt-get install python-serial
On Fedora:
yum install pyserial
# or on Fedora 22+
dnf install pyserial
On openSUSE:
zypper install python-serial
On Mac using MacPorts:
sudo port install py27-serial
On Windows:
You need to install Cygwin and its packages for Make, Perl and the following Serial library or you can install it using the pre-built package installer
You can also find more detailed instructions in this guide.
You can also checkout the sample makefiles inside the examples/
directory, e.g. Makefile-example demonstrates some of the more advanced options,
whilst Blink demonstrates the minimal settings required for various boards like the Uno, Nano, Mega, Teensy, ATtiny etc.
Download a copy of this repo some where in your system or install it through a package.
On the Mac you might want to set:
ARDUINO_DIR = /Applications/Arduino.app/Contents/Resources/Java
ARDMK_DIR = /usr/local
AVR_TOOLS_DIR = /usr
MONITOR_PORT = /dev/ttyACM0
BOARD_TAG = mega2560
On Linux (if you have installed through package), you shouldn't need to set anything other than your board type and port:
BOARD_TAG = mega2560
MONITOR_PORT = /dev/ttyACM0
On Windows (using cygwin), you might want to set:
ARDUINO_DIR = ../../arduino
ARDMK_DIR = path/to/mkfile
MONITOR_PORT = com3
BOARD_TAG = mega2560
On Windows (using MSYS and PuTTY), you might want to set the following extra parameters:
MONITOR_CMD = putty
MONITOR_PARMS = 8,1,n,N
On Arduino 1.5+ installs, you should set the architecture to either avr
or sam
and if using a submenu CPU type, then also set that:
ARCHITECTURE = avr
BOARD_TAG = atmegang
BOARD_SUB = atmega168
It is recommended in Windows that you create a symbolic link to avoid problems with file naming conventions on Windows. For example, if your your Arduino directory is in:
c:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino
You will get problems with the special characters on the directory name. More details about this can be found in issue #94
To create a symbolic link, you can use the command “mklink” on Windows, e.g.
mklink /d c:\Arduino c:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino
After which, the variables should be:
ARDUINO_DIR=../../../../../Arduino
Instead of:
ARDUINO_DIR=../../../../../Program\ Files\ \(x86\)/Arduino
BOARD_TAG
- Type of board, for a list see boards.txt ormake show_boards
MONITOR_PORT
- The port where your Arduino is plugged in, usually/dev/ttyACM0
or/dev/ttyUSB0
in Linux or Mac OS X andcom3
,com4
, etc. in Windows.ARDUINO_DIR
- Path to Arduino installation. In Cygwin in Windows this path must be relative, not absolute (e.g. "../../arduino" and not "/c/cygwin/Arduino").ARDMK_DIR
- Path where the*.mk
are present. If you installed the package, then it is usually/usr/share/arduino
AVR_TOOLS_DIR
- Path where the avr tools chain binaries are present. If you are going to use the binaries that came with Arduino installation, then you don't have to set it. Otherwise set it realtive and not absolute.
The list of all variables that can be overridden is available at arduino-mk-vars.md file.
You can specify space separated list of libraries that are needed for your sketch to the variable ARDUINO_LIBS
.
ARDUINO_LIBS = Wire SoftwareSerial
The libraries will be searched in the following places in the following order.
/libraries
directory inside your sketchbook directory. Sketchbook directory will be auto detected from your Arduino preference file. You can also manually set it throughARDUINO_SKETCHBOOK
./libraries
directory inside your Arduino directory, which is read fromARDUINO_DIR
.
The libraries inside user directories will take precedence over libraries present in Arduino core directory.
The makefile can autodetect the libraries that are included from your sketch and can include them automatically. But it can't detect libraries that are included from other libraries. (see issue #93)
To upload compiled files, avrdude
is used. This Makefile tries to find avrdude
and it's config (avrdude.conf
) below ARDUINO_DIR
. If you like to use the one installed on your system instead of the one which came with Arduino, you can try to set the variables AVRDUDE
and AVRDUDE_CONF
. On a typical Linux system these could be set to
AVRDUDE = /usr/bin/avrdude
AVRDUDE_CONF = /etc/avrdude.conf
For Teensy 3.x support you must first install Teensyduino.
See examples/BlinkTeensy for example usage.
The current version of the makefile is 1.5
. You can find the full history in the HISTORY.md file
This project adheres to Semantic Versioning 2.0.
This makefile and the related documentation and examples are free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
All contributions (even documentation) are welcome :) Open a pull request and I would be happy to merge them. Also checkout the contribution guide for more details.
If you are looking for ideas to work on, then check out the following TODO items or the issue tracker.
- Doesn't support SAM boards yet.
- Since it doesn't do any pre processing like Arduino IDE, you have to declare all methods before you use them (issue #59)
- More than one .ino or .pde file is not supported yet (issue #49)
- When you compile for the first time, it builds all libs inside Arduino directory even if it is not needed. But while linking only the relevant files are linked. (issue #29). Even Arduino IDE does the same thing though.
- This makefile doesn't support boards or IDE from Arduino.org.
If you find an issue or have an idea for a feature then log them in the issue tracker
It is possible to use colorgcc
with this makefile. Check out this comment to find usage instructions.
On-the-fly syntax checking in Emacs using the Flymake minor mode is now possible.
First, the flymake mode must be configured to recognize ino files :
Edit the flymake configuration :
M-x customize-option RET
flymake-allowed-file-name-masks RET
Add the line :
("\\.ino\\'" flymake-simple-make-init)
Then click on "Apply and Save" button
Then, the following line must be added to the project Makefile :
check-syntax:
$(CXX) -c -include Arduino.h -x c++ $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -fsyntax-only $(CHK_SOURCES)
In Code:Blocks open Project -> Properties -> Project settings tab -> check "This is custom Makefile".
Now go to Settings -> Environment -> Environment variables -> Add
Add three keys with paths as values, using full paths (!):
ARDUINO_DIR=/full/path/to/arduino-1.0.6
ARDMK_DIR=/full/path/to/sketchbook
AVR_TOOLS_DIR=/usr
Now to set DEBUG target (this will compile the project) go to Build options -> Debug -> "Make" commands
In Build Project/Target remove $target:
$make -f $makefile
In Clean Project/Target remove $target:
$make -f $makefile clean
To set the RELEASE target (which will compile and upload) go to Build options -> Release -> "Make" commands
In Build Project/Target put:
$make -f $makefile upload
In Clean Project/Target remove $target:
$make -f $makefile clean
This project includes a suite of example Makefiles and small Arduino and chipKIT
programs to assist the maintainers of the Makefile. Run
tests/script/bootstrap.sh
to attempt to automatically install the dependencies
(Arduino IDE, MPIDE, etc.). Run tests/script/runtests.sh
to attempt to compile
all of the examples. The bootstrap script is primarily intended for use by a
continuous integration server, specifically Travis CI. It is not intended for
normal users.
If you are planning on using this makefile in a larger/professional project, you might want to take a look at the Bare-Arduino–Project framework.
Similar to HTML frameworks, Bare-Arduino–Project aims at providing a basic tree
organization, Makefile
configurations for both OS X and Linux and a handful of instruction on how to get started with a robust Arduino project architecture.
Further information are available in the README.md as well as in the use/installation procedure.
Please be sure to report issues to Bare-Arduino–Project if you use it instead of this project.
This makefile was originally created by Martin Oldfield and he maintained it till v0.10.2. From May 2013, it is maintained by Sudar Muthu and Simon John with the help of 40+ contributors.
- It's not a derivative of this, but Alan Burlison has written a similar thing.
- Alan's Makefile was used in a Pragmatic Programmer's article.
- Rei Vilo wrote to tell me that he's using the Makefile ina Xcode 4 template called embedXcode. Apparently it supports many platforms and boards, including AVR-based Arduino, AVR-based Wiring, PIC32-based chipKIT, MSP430-based LaunchPad and ARM3-based Maple.