Setup

npm install tcomb-form-native

Domain Driven Forms

The tcomb library provides a concise but expressive way to define domain models in JavaScript.

The tcomb-validation library builds on tcomb, providing validation functions for tcomb domain models.

This library builds on those two and the awesome react-native.

Benefits

With tcomb-form-native you simply call <Form type={Model} /> to generate a form based on that domain model. What does this get you?

Write a lot less code
Usability and accessibility for free (automatic labels, inline validation, etc)
No need to update forms when domain model changes

JSON Schema support

JSON Schemas are also supported via the (tiny) tcomb-json-schema library.

Pluggable look and feel

The look and feel is customizable via react-native stylesheets and templates (see documentation).

Screencast

http://react.rocks/example/tcomb-form-native

Example App

https://github.com/bartonhammond/snowflake React-Native, Tcomb, Redux, Parse.com, Jest - 88% coverage

Example

// index.ios.js

'use strict';

var React = require('react-native');
var t = require('tcomb-form-native');
var { AppRegistry, StyleSheet, Text, View, TouchableHighlight } = React;

var Form = t.form.Form;

// here we are: define your domain model
var Person = t.struct({
  name: t.String,              // a required string
  surname: t.maybe(t.String),  // an optional string
  age: t.Number,               // a required number
  rememberMe: t.Boolean        // a boolean
});

var options = {}; // optional rendering options (see documentation)

var AwesomeProject = React.createClass({

  onPress: function () {
    // call getValue() to get the values of the form
    var value = this.refs.form.getValue();
    if (value) { // if validation fails, value will be null
      console.log(value); // value here is an instance of Person
    }
  },

  render: function() {
    return (
      <View style={styles.container}>
        {/* display */}
        <Form
          ref="form"
          type={Person}
          options={options}
        />
        <TouchableHighlight style={styles.button} onPress={this.onPress} underlayColor='#99d9f4'>
          <Text style={styles.buttonText}>Save</Text>
        </TouchableHighlight>
      </View>
    );
  }
});

var styles = StyleSheet.create({
  container: {
    justifyContent: 'center',
    marginTop: 50,
    padding: 20,
    backgroundColor: '#ffffff',
  },
  title: {
    fontSize: 30,
    alignSelf: 'center',
    marginBottom: 30
  },
  buttonText: {
    fontSize: 18,
    color: 'white',
    alignSelf: 'center'
  },
  button: {
    height: 36,
    backgroundColor: '#48BBEC',
    borderColor: '#48BBEC',
    borderWidth: 1,
    borderRadius: 8,
    marginBottom: 10,
    alignSelf: 'stretch',
    justifyContent: 'center'
  }
});

AppRegistry.registerComponent('AwesomeProject', () => AwesomeProject);

Output:

(Labels are automatically generated)

Ouput after a validation error:

API

`getValue()`

Returns null if the validation failed, an instance of your model otherwise.

Note. Calling getValue will cause the validation of all the fields of the form, including some side effects like highlighting the errors.

`validate()`

Returns a ValidationResult (see tcomb-validation for a reference documentation).

Adding a default value and listen to changes

The Form component behaves like a controlled component:

var Person = t.struct({
  name: t.String,
  surname: t.maybe(t.String)
});

var AwesomeProject = React.createClass({

  getInitialState() {
    return {
      value: {
        name: 'Giulio',
        surname: 'Canti'
      }
    };
  },

  onChange(value) {
    this.setState({value});
  },

  onPress: function () {
    var value = this.refs.form.getValue();
    if (value) {
      console.log(value);
    }
  },

  render: function() {
    return (
      <View style={styles.container}>
        <Form
          ref="form"
          type={Person}
          value={this.state.value}
          onChange={this.onChange}
        />
        <TouchableHighlight style={styles.button} onPress={this.onPress} underlayColor='#99d9f4'>
          <Text style={styles.buttonText}>Save</Text>
        </TouchableHighlight>
      </View>
    );
  }
});

The onChange handler has the following signature:

(raw: any, path: Array<string | number>) => void

where

raw contains the current raw value of the form (can be an invalid value for your model)
path is the path to the field triggering the change

Warning. tcomb-form-native uses shouldComponentUpdate aggressively. In order to ensure that tcomb-form-native detect any change to type, options or value props you have to change references:

Disable a field based on another field's value

var Type = t.struct({
  disable: t.Boolean, // if true, name field will be disabled
  name: t.String
});

// see the "Rendering options" section in this guide
var options = {
  fields: {
    name: {}
  }
};

var AwesomeProject = React.createClass({

  getInitialState() {
    return {
      options: options,
      value: null
    };
  },

  onChange(value) {
    // tcomb immutability helpers
    // https://github.com/gcanti/tcomb/blob/master/GUIDE.md#updating-immutable-instances
    var options = t.update(this.state.options, {
      fields: {
        name: {
          editable: {'$set': !value.disable}
        }
      }
    });
    this.setState({options: options, value: value});
  },

  onPress: function () {
    var value = this.refs.form.getValue();
    if (value) {
      console.log(value);
    }
  },

  render: function() {
    return (
      <View style={styles.container}>
        <Form
          ref="form"
          type={Type}
          options={this.state.options}
          value={this.state.value}
          onChange={this.onChange}
        />
        <TouchableHighlight style={styles.button} onPress={this.onPress} underlayColor='#99d9f4'>
          <Text style={styles.buttonText}>Save</Text>
        </TouchableHighlight>
      </View>
    );
  }

});

How to get access to a field

You can get access to a field with the getComponent(path) API:

var Person = t.struct({
  name: t.String,
  surname: t.maybe(t.String),
  age: t.Number,
  rememberMe: t.Boolean
});

var AwesomeProject = React.createClass({

  componentDidMount() {
    // give focus to the name textbox
    this.refs.form.getComponent('name').refs.input.focus();
  },

  onPress: function () {
    var value = this.refs.form.getValue();
    if (value) {
      console.log(value);
    }
  },

  render: function() {
    return (
      <View style={styles.container}>
        <Form
          ref="form"
          type={Person}
        />
        <TouchableHighlight style={styles.button} onPress={this.onPress} underlayColor='#99d9f4'>
          <Text style={styles.buttonText}>Save</Text>
        </TouchableHighlight>
      </View>
    );
  }
});

Types

Required field

By default fields are required:

var Person = t.struct({
  name: t.String,    // a required string
  surname: t.String  // a required string
});

Optional field

In order to create an optional field, wrap the field type with the t.maybe combinator:

var Person = t.struct({
  name: t.String,
  surname: t.String,
  email: t.maybe(t.String) // an optional string
});

The postfix " (optional)" is automatically added to optional fields.

You can customise the postfix value or setting a postfix for required fields:

t.form.Form.i18n = {
  optional: '',
  required: ' (required)' // inverting the behaviour: adding a postfix to the required fields
};

Numbers

In order to create a numeric field, use the t.Number type:

var Person = t.struct({
  name: t.String,
  surname: t.String,
  email: t.maybe(t.String),
  age: t.Number // a numeric field
});

tcomb-form-native will convert automatically numbers to / from strings.

Enums

In order to create an enum field, use the t.enums combinator:

var Gender = t.enums({
  M: 'Male',
  F: 'Female'
});

var Person = t.struct({
  name: t.String,
  surname: t.String,
  email: t.maybe(t.String),
  age: t.Numner,
  rememberMe: t.Boolean,
  gender: Gender // enum
});

Enums are displayed as PickerIOSs.

A predicate is a function with the following signature:

(x: any) => boolean

You can refine a type with the t.refinement(type, predicate) combinator:

// a type representing positive numbers
var Positive = t.refinement(t.Number, function (n) {
  return n >= 0;
});

var Person = t.struct({
  name: t.String,
  surname: t.String,
  email: t.maybe(t.String),
  age: Positive, // refinement
  rememberMe: t.Boolean,
  gender: Gender
});

Subtypes allow you to express any custom validation with a simple predicate.

Rendering options

In order to customize the look and feel, use an options prop:

<Form type={Model} options={options} />

Form component

Labels and placeholders

By default labels are automatically generated. You can turn off this behaviour or override the default labels on field basis.

var options = {
  label: 'My struct label' // <= form legend, displayed before the fields
};

var options = {
  fields: {
    name: {
      label: 'My name label' // <= label for the name field
    }
  }
};

In order to automatically generate default placeholders, use the option auto: 'placeholders':

var options = {
  auto: 'placeholders'
};

<Form type={Person} options={options} />

Set auto: 'none' if you don't want neither labels nor placeholders.

var options = {
  auto: 'none'
};

Fields order

You can sort the fields with the order option:

var options = {
  order: ['name', 'surname', 'rememberMe', 'gender', 'age', 'email']
};

Default values

You can set the default values passing a value prop to the Form component:

var value = {
  name: 'Giulio',
  surname: 'Canti',
  age: 41,
  gender: 'M'
};

<Form type={Model} value={value} />

Fields configuration

You can configure each field with the fields option:

var options = {
  fields: {
    name: {
      // name field configuration here..
    },
    surname: {
      // surname field configuration here..
    }
  }
});

Textbox component

Implementation: TextInput

Tech note. Values containing only white spaces are converted to null.

Placeholder

You can set the placeholder with the placeholder option:

var options = {
  fields: {
    name: {
      placeholder: 'Your placeholder here'
    }
  }
};

Label

You can set the label with the label option:

var options = {
  fields: {
    name: {
      label: 'Insert your name'
    }
  }
};

Help message

You can set a help message with the help option:

var options = {
  fields: {
    name: {
      help: 'Your help message here'
    }
  }
};

Error messages

You can add a custom error message with the error option:

var options = {
  fields: {
    email: {
      // you can use strings or JSX
      error: 'Insert a valid email'
    }
  }
};

tcomb-form-native will display the error message when the field validation fails.

error can also be a function with the following signature:

(value, path, context) => ?(string | ReactElement)

where

value is an object containing the current form value.
path is the path of the value being validated
context is the value of the context prop. Also it contains a reference to the component options.

The value returned by the function will be used as error message.

If you want to show the error message onload, add the hasError option:

var options = {
  hasError: true,
  error: <i>A custom error message</i>
};

Another way is to add a:

getValidationErrorMessage(value, path, context)

static function to a type, where:

value is the (parsed) current value of the component.
path is the path of the value being validated
context is the value of the context prop. Also it contains a reference to the component options.

var Age = t.refinement(t.Number, function (n) { return n >= 18; });

// if you define a getValidationErrorMessage function, it will be called on validation errors
Age.getValidationErrorMessage = function (value, path, context) {
  return 'bad age, locale: ' + context.locale;
};

var Schema = t.struct({
  age: Age
});

...

<t.form.Form
  ref="form"
  type={Schema}
  context={{locale: 'it-IT'}}
/>

You can even define getValidationErrorMessage on the supertype in order to be DRY:

t.Number.getValidationErrorMessage = function (value, path, context) {
  return 'bad number';
};

Age.getValidationErrorMessage = function (value, path, context) {
  return 'bad age, locale: ' + context.locale;
};

Other standard options

The following standard options are available (see http://facebook.github.io/react-native/docs/textinput.html):

autoCapitalize
autoCorrect
autoFocus
bufferDelay
clearButtonMode
editable
enablesReturnKeyAutomatically
keyboardType
maxLength
multiline
numberOfLines
onBlur
onEndEditing
onFocus
onSubmitEditing
password
placeholderTextColor
returnKeyType
selectTextOnFocus
secureTextEntry
selectionState
textAlign
textAlignVertical
underlineColorAndroid

Checkbox component

Implementation: SwitchIOS

The following options are similar to the Textbox component's ones:

label
help
error

Other standard options

The following standard options are available (see http://facebook.github.io/react-native/docs/switchios.html):

disabled
onTintColor
thumbTintColor
tintColor

Select component

Implementation: PickerIOS

The following options are similar to the Textbox component's ones:

label
help
error

`nullOption` option

You can customize the null option with the nullOption option:

var options = {
  fields: {
    gender: {
      nullOption: {value: '', label: 'Choose your gender'}
    }
  }
};

You can remove the null option setting the nullOption option to false.

Warning: when you set nullOption = false you must also set the Form's value prop for the select field.

Tech note. A value equal to nullOption.value (default '') is converted to null.

Options order

You can sort the options with the order option:

var options = {
  fields: {
    gender: {
      order: 'asc' // or 'desc'
    }
  }
};

DatePicker component

Implementation: DatePickerIOS

Example

var Person = t.struct({
  name: t.String,
  birthDate: t.Date
});

The following options are similar to the Textbox component's ones:

label
help
error

Other standard options

The following standard options are available (see http://facebook.github.io/react-native/docs/datepickerios.html):

maximumDate,
minimumDate,
minuteInterval,
mode,
timeZoneOffsetInMinutes

Customizations

Stylesheets

tcomb-form-native comes with a default style. You can customize the look and feel by setting another stylesheet:

var t = require('tcomb-form-native/lib');
var i18n = require('tcomb-form-native/lib/i18n/en');
var templates = require('tcomb-form-native/lib/templates/bootstrap');

// define a stylesheet (see lib/stylesheets/bootstrap for an example)
var stylesheet = {...};

// override globally the default stylesheet
t.form.Form.stylesheet = stylesheet;
// set defaults
t.form.Form.templates = templates;
t.form.Form.i18n = i18n;

You can also override the stylesheet locally for selected fields:

var Person = t.struct({
  name: t.String
});

var options = {
  fields: {
    name: {
      stylesheet: myCustomStylesheet
    }
  }
};

Or per form:

var Person = t.struct({
  name: t.String
});

var options = {
  stylesheet: myCustomStylesheet
};

For a complete example see the default stylesheet https://github.com/gcanti/tcomb-form-native/blob/master/lib/stylesheets/bootstrap.js.

Templates

tcomb-form-native comes with a default layout, i.e. a bunch of templates, one for each component. When changing the stylesheet is not enough, you can customize the layout by setting custom templates:

var t = require('tcomb-form-native/lib');
var i18n = require('tcomb-form-native/lib/i18n/en');
var stylesheet = require('tcomb-form-native/lib/stylesheets/bootstrap');

// define the templates (see lib/templates/bootstrap for an example)
var templates = {...};

// override globally the default layout
t.form.Form.templates = templates;
// set defaults
t.form.Form.stylesheet = stylesheet;
t.form.Form.i18n = i18n;

You can also override the template locally:

var Person = t.struct({
  name: t.String
});

function myCustomTemplate(locals) {

  var containerStyle = {...};
  var labelStyle = {...};
  var textboxStyle = {...};

  return (
    <View style={containerStyle}>
      <Text style={labelStyle}>{locals.label}</Text>
      <TextInput style={textboxStyle} />
    </View>
  );
}

var options = {
  fields: {
    name: {
      template: myCustomTemplate
    }
  }
};

A template is a function with the following signature:

(locals: Object) => ReactElement

where locals is an object contaning the "recipe" for rendering the input and it's built for you by tcomb-form-native. Let's see an example: the locals object passed in the checkbox template:

type Message = string | ReactElement

{
  stylesheet: Object, // the styles to be applied
  hasError: boolean,  // true if there is a validation error
  error: ?Message,    // the optional error message to be displayed
  label: Message,     // the label to be displayed
  help: ?Message,     // the optional help message to be displayed
  value: boolean,     // the current value of the checkbox
  onChange: Function, // the event handler to be called when the value changes
  config: Object,     // an optional object to pass configuration options to the new template

  ...other input options here...

}

For a complete example see the default template https://github.com/gcanti/tcomb-form-native/blob/master/lib/templates/bootstrap.js.

i18n

tcomb-form-native comes with a default internationalization (English). You can customize the look and feel by setting another i18n:

var t = require('tcomb-form-native/lib');
var templates = require('tcomb-form-native/lib/templates/bootstrap');

// define a stylesheet (see tcomb-form-native/lib/i18n/en for an example)
var i18n = {...};

// override globally the default i18n
t.form.Form.i18n = i18n;
// set defaults
t.form.Form.templates = templates;
t.form.Form.stylesheet = stylesheet;

Transformers

Say you want a search textbox which accepts a list of keywords separated by spaces:

var Search = t.struct({
  search: t.list(t.String)
});

tcomb-form by default will render the search field as a list. In order to render a textbox you have to override the default behaviour with the factory option:

var options = {
  fields: {
    search: {
      factory: t.form.Textbox
    }
  }
};

There is a problem though: a textbox handle only strings so we need a way to transform a list in a string and a string in a list: a Transformer deals with serialization / deserialization of data and has the following interface:

var Transformer = t.struct({
  format: t.Function, // from value to string, it must be idempotent
  parse: t.Function   // from string to value
});

A basic transformer implementation for the search textbox:

var listTransformer = {
  format: function (value) {
    return Array.isArray(value) ? value.join(' ') : value;
  },
  parse: function (str) {
    return str ? str.split(' ') : [];
  }
};

Now you can handle lists using the transformer option:

// example of initial value
var value = {
  search: ['climbing', 'yosemite']
};

var options = {
  fields: {
    search: {
      factory: t.form.Textbox, // tell tcomb-react-native to use the same component for textboxes
      transformer: listTransformer,
      help: 'Keywords are separated by spaces'
    }
  }
};

Custom factories

You can pack together style, template (and transformers) in a custom component and then you can use it with the factory option:

var Component = t.form.Component;

// extend the base Component
class MyComponent extends Component {

  // this is the only required method to implement
  getTemplate() {
    // define here your custom template
    return function (locals) {

      //return ... jsx ...

    };
  }

  // you can optionally override the default getLocals method
  // it will provide the locals param to your template
  getLocals() {

    // in locals you'll find the default locals:
    // - path
    // - error
    // - hasError
    // - label
    // - onChange
    // - stylesheet
    var locals = super.getLocals();

    // add here your custom locals

    return locals;
  }


}

// as example of transformer: this is the default transformer for textboxes
MyComponent.transformer = {
  format: value => Nil.is(value) ? null : value,
  parse: value => (t.String.is(value) && value.trim() === '') || Nil.is(value) ? null : value
};

var Person = t.struct({
  name: t.String
});

var options = {
  fields: {
    name: {
      factory: MyComponent
    }
  }
};

Tests

npm test

License

MIT

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