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find-the-best-fit-line-using-least-squares-method's Introduction

Implementation of Univariate Linear Regression

AIM:

To implement univariate Linear Regression to fit a straight line using least squares.

Equipments Required:

  1. Hardware โ€“ PCs
  2. Anaconda โ€“ Python 3.7 Installation / Jupyter notebook

Algorithm

  1. Get the independent variable X and dependent variable Y.
  2. Calculate the mean of the X -values and the mean of the Y -values.
  3. Find the slope m of the line of best fit using the formula.

image

4. Compute the y -intercept of the line by using the formula:

image

5. Use the slope m and the y -intercept to form the equation of the line. 6. Obtain the straight line equation Y=mX+b and plot the scatterplot.

Program:

/*
Program to implement univariate Linear Regression to fit a straight line using least squares.
Developed by: Y SHAVEDHA
RegisterNumber: 212221230095 
*/
#IMPORT LIBRARIES
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

#GETTING VALUES OF X AND Y FROM USER
x=np.array(eval(input("Enter the values of x: ")))
y=np.array(eval(input("Enter the values of y: ")))

#FINDING THE MEAN OF X AND Y INPUTS
x_mean=np.mean(x)
print("x_mean=",x_mean)
y_mean=np.mean(y)
print("y_mean=",y_mean)

nume,deno=0,0
for i in range(len(x)):
    nume+=((x[i]-x_mean)*(y[i]-y_mean))
    deno+=(x[i]-x_mean)**2

#SLOPE
m=nume/deno
print("Slope m = ",m)

#INTERCEPT                     #Sample Input
b=y_mean-(m*(x_mean))          #8,2,11,6,5,4,12,9,6,1   #3,10,3,6,8,12,1,4,9,14
print("b= ",b)

#LINE EQN
y_pred=m*x+b
print("Y pred= ",y_pred)

#When x=3
y_p3=m*3+b;
print("when x=3,y=",y_p3)

#GRAPH
print("Graph")
plt.scatter(x,y)
plt.plot(x,y_pred,color="red")
plt.show()

Output:

image

Result:

Thus the univariate Linear Regression was implemented to fit a straight line using least squares using python programming.

find-the-best-fit-line-using-least-squares-method's People

Contributors

akilamohan avatar shavedha avatar

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