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These more recent additions are used in Rules and Graphs. From Mathics3/mathicsscript#2

I am guessing this was a more recent addition so that's why there aren't in the otherwise meticulously precise FoxySheep?

Correct. In fact, the graph operators are parsed differently in current versions from when they were introduced not that long ago. They used to be non associative so that a [DirectedEdge] b [DirectedEdge] c was a syntax error. Now it's left associative (IIRC) so that the same expression is parsed as DirectedEdge[DirectedEdge[a, b], c].

I complained in the WolframLanguage Slack group that I wanted it to be parsed as Graph[{a > [DirectedEdge] b, b [DirectedEdge] c}], but the author of igraph, Szabolcs Horvát, whose knowledge of Mathematica is unparalleled outside of Wolfram, tells me that mine is the worst possible alternative for graph theory, so who am I to argue?

From mathics/Mathics#668

foxy-sheep -e 'f[x:(_..)]'
line 1:8 no viable alternative at input 'f[x:(_..)'

In mathics/Mathics#989 it was noticed that 1/.2 Is comes out ReplaceAll[1,2] rather than Times[1,Power[.2,-1]].

The fix there was to add a lookahead pattern for a number to distinguish these.

ANTLR4 has such a notion too which I think is called a semantic predicate or {...}? which might help the parser here.

Shouldn't these get converted to Information[]?