QMCPACK is an open-source production-level many-body ab initio Quantum Monte Carlo code for computing the electronic structure of atoms, molecules, 2D nanomaterials and solids. The solid-state capabilities include metallic systems as well as insulators. QMCPACK is expected to run well on workstations through to the latest generation supercomputers. Besides high performance, particular emphasis is placed on code quality and reproducibility.
Obtain the latest release from https://github.com/QMCPACK/qmcpack/releases or clone the development source from https://github.com/QMCPACK/qmcpack. A full installation guide and steps to perform an initial QMC calculation are given in the extensive online documentation for QMCPACK.
The CHANGELOG.md describes key changes made in each release as well as any major changes to the development version.
For more information, consult QMCPACK pages at http://www.qmcpack.org, the manual at https://qmcpack.readthedocs.io/en/develop/index.html, or its sources in the docs directory.
If you have trouble using or building QMCPACK, or have questions about its use, please post to the Google QMCPACK group, create a GitHub issue at https://github.com/QMCPACK/qmcpack/issues or contact a developer.
To learn about the fundamentals of Quantum Monte Carlo through to their practical application to molecular and solid-state systems with QMCPACK, see the materials and tutorials from our most recent QMC workshop. These include a virtual machine to run examples without having to install QMCPACK yourself, and slides and recorded videos of introductory talks through to spin-orbit QMC.
Please cite J. Kim et al. J. Phys. Cond. Mat. 30 195901 (2018), https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/aab9c3, and if space allows, P. Kent et al. J. Chem. Phys. 152 174105 (2020), https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0004860 . These papers are both open access.
- C++ 17 and C99 capable compilers.
- CMake v3.21.0 or later, build utility, http://www.cmake.org
- BLAS/LAPACK, numerical library. Use vendor and platform-optimized libraries.
- LibXml2, XML parser, http://xmlsoft.org/
- HDF5 v1.10.0 or later, portable I/O library, http://www.hdfgroup.org/HDF5/
- BOOST v1.61.0 or newer, peer-reviewed portable C++ source libraries, http://www.boost.org
- FFTW, FFT library, http://www.fftw.org/
- MPI, parallel library. Optional, but a near requirement for production calculations.
- Python3. Older versions are not supported as of January 2020.
- CUDA v11.0 or later. Optional, but required for builds with NVIDIA GPU support. Use 12.3 or newer if possible. 11.3-12.2 have a bug affecting multideterminant calculations. Single determinant calculations are OK.
We aim to support open source compilers and libraries released within two years of each QMCPACK release. Use of software versions over two years old may work but is discouraged and untested. Proprietary compilers (Intel, NVHPC) are generally supported over the same period but may require use of an exact version. We also aim to support the standard software environments on machines such as Frontier and Summit at OLCF, Aurora and Polaris at ALCF, and Perlmutter at NERSC. Use of the most recently released compilers and library versions is particularly encouraged for highest performance and easiest configuration.
Nightly testing currently includes at least the following software versions:
- Compilers
- GCC 13.2.0, 11.4.0
- Clang/LLVM 17.0.4
- Boost 1.83.0, 1.77.0
- HDF5 1.14.3
- FFTW 3.3.10, 3.3.8
- CMake 3.27.9, 3.21.4
- MPI
- OpenMPI 4.1.6
- CUDA 12.3
GitHub Actions-based tests include additional version combinations from within our two year support window. On a developmental basis we also check the latest Clang and GCC development versions, AMD Clang and Intel OneAPI compilers.
Workflow tests are currently performed with Quantum Espresso v7.2.0 and PySCF v2.2.0. These check trial wavefunction generation and conversion through to actual QMC runs.
The build system for QMCPACK is based on CMake. It will auto-configure based on the detected compilers and libraries. When these are installed in standard locations, e.g., /usr, /usr/local, there is no need to set either environment or CMake variables.
See the manual linked at https://qmcpack.readthedocs.io/en/develop/ and https://www.qmcpack.org/documentation or buildable using sphinx from the sources in docs/. A PDF version is still available at https://qmcpack.readthedocs.io/_/downloads/en/develop/pdf/
On a standard UNIX-like system such as a Linux workstation:
- Safest quick build option is to specify the C and C++ compilers through their MPI wrappers. Here we use Intel MPI and Intel compilers. Move to the build directory, run CMake and make
cd build
cmake -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=mpiicc -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=mpiicpc ..
make -j 8
- Substitute mpicc and mpicxx or other wrapped compiler names to suit your system. e.g. With OpenMPI use
cd build
cmake -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=mpicc -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=mpicxx ..
make -j 8
- Non-MPI build:
cd build
cmake -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=gcc -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=g++ -DQMC_MPI=0 ..
make -j 8
- If you are feeling particularly lucky, you can skip the compiler specification:
cd build
cmake ..
make -j 8
The complexities of modern computer hardware and software systems are such that you should check that the auto-configuration system has made good choices and picked optimized libraries and compiler settings before doing significant production. i.e. Check the details below.
A number of environment variables affect the build. In particular, they can control the default paths for libraries, the default compilers, etc. The list of environment variables is given below:
| Environment variable | Description |
|---|---|
| CXX | C++ compiler |
| CC | C Compiler |
| MKL_ROOT | Path for MKL |
| HDF5_ROOT | Path for HDF5 |
| BOOST_ROOT | Path for Boost |
| FFTW_HOME | Path for FFTW |
In addition to reading the environment variables, CMake provides a number of optional variables that can be set to control the build and configure steps. When passed to CMake, these variables will take precedent over the environment and default variables. To set them add -D FLAG=VALUE to the configure line between the CMake command and the path to the source directory.
- General build options
CMAKE_C_COMPILER Set the C compiler
CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER Set the C++ compiler
CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE A variable which controls the type of build (defaults to Release).
Possible values are:
None (Do not set debug/optmize flags, use CMAKE_C_FLAGS or CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS)
Debug (create a debug build)
Release (create a release/optimized build)
RelWithDebInfo (create a release/optimized build with debug info)
MinSizeRel (create an executable optimized for size)
CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Set value to CrayLinuxEnvironment when cross-compiling
in Cray Programming Environment.
CMAKE_C_FLAGS Set the C flags. Note: to prevent default debug/release flags
from being used, set the CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=None
Also supported: CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG, CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE,
CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELWITHDEBINFO
CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS Set the C++ flags. Note: to prevent default debug/release flags
from being used, set the CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=None
Also supported: CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG, CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE,
CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELWITHDEBINFO
- Key QMCPACK build options
QMC_COMPLEX ON/OFF(default). Build the complex (general twist/k-point) version.
QMC_MIXED_PRECISION ON/OFF(default). Build the mixed precision (mixing double/float) version
Mixed precision calculations can be signifiantly faster but should be
carefully checked validated against full double precision runs,
particularly for large electron counts.
ENABLE_OFFLOAD ON/OFF(default). Enable OpenMP target offload for GPU acceleration.
ENABLE_CUDA ON/OFF(default). Enable CUDA code path for NVIDIA GPU acceleration.
Production quality for AFQMC and real-space performance portable implementation.
QMC_CUDA2HIP ON/OFF(default). Map all CUDA kernels and library calls to HIP and use ROCm libraries.
Set both ENABLE_CUDA and QMC_CUDA2HIP ON to target AMD GPUs.
ENABLE_SYCL ON/OFF(default). Enable SYCL code path. Only support Intel GPUs and OneAPI compilers.
QMC_GPU_ARCHS Specify GPU architectures. For example, "gfx90a" targets AMD MI200 series GPUs.
"sm_80;sm_70" creates a single executable running on both NVIDIA A100 and V100 GPUs.
Mixing vendor "gfx90a;sm_70" is not supported. If not set, atempt to derive it
from CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES or CMAKE_HIP_ARCHITECTURES if available and then
atempt to auto-detect existing GPUs.
- Additional QMCPACK options
QE_BIN Location of Quantum Espresso binaries including pw2qmcpack.x
RMG_BIN Location of RMG binary
QMC_DATA Specify data directory for QMCPACK performance and integration tests
QMC_INCLUDE Add extra include paths
QMC_EXTRA_LIBS Add extra link libraries
QMC_BUILD_STATIC ON/OFF(default). Add -static flags to build
QMC_SYMLINK_TEST_FILES Set to zero to require test files to be copied. Avoids space
saving default use of symbolic links for test files. Useful
if the build is on a separate filesystem from the source, as
required on some HPC systems.
ENABLE_TIMERS ON(default)/OFF. Enable fine-grained timers. Timers are on by default but at level coarse
to avoid potential slowdown in tiny systems.
For systems beyond tiny sizes (100+ electrons) there is no risk.
- libxml2 related
LIBXML2_INCLUDE_DIR Include directory for libxml2
LIBXML2_LIBRARY Libxml2 library
- HDF5 related
HDF5_PREFER_PARALLEL 1(default for MPI build)/0, enables/disable parallel HDF5 library searching.
ENABLE_PHDF5 1(default for parallel HDF5 library)/0, enables/disable parallel collective I/O.
- FFTW related
FFTW_INCLUDE_DIRS Specify include directories for FFTW
FFTW_LIBRARY_DIRS Specify library directories for FFTW
In the build directory, run cmake with appropriate options, then make.
- Using Intel compilers and their MPI wrappers. Assumes HDF5 and libxml2 will be automatically detected.
cd build
cmake -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=mpiicc -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=mpiicpc ..
make -j 8
It is recommended to create a helper script that contains the configure line for CMake. This is particularly useful when using environment variables, packages are installed in custom locations, or the configure line may be long or complex. In this case it is recommended to add "rm -rf CMake*" before the configure line to remove existing CMake configure files to ensure a fresh configure each time that the script is called. and example script build.sh is given below:
export CXX=mpic++
export CC=mpicc
export HDF5_ROOT=/opt/hdf5
export BOOST_ROOT=/opt/boost
rm -rf CMake*
cmake \
-D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug \
-D LIBXML2_INCLUDE_DIR=/usr/include/libxml2 \
-D LIBXML2_LIBRARY=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxml2.so \
-D FFTW_INCLUDE_DIRS=/usr/include \
-D FFTW_LIBRARY_DIRS=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu \
-D QMC_DATA=/projects/QMCPACK/qmc-data \
..
Set compile flags manually:
cmake \
-D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=None \
-D CMAKE_C_COMPILER=mpicc \
-D CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=mpic++ \
-D CMAKE_C_FLAGS=" -O3 -fopenmp -malign-double -fomit-frame-pointer -finline-limit=1000 -fstrict-aliasing -funroll-all-loops -Wno-deprecated -march=native -mtune=native" \
-D CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-O3 -fopenmp -malign-double -fomit-frame-pointer -finline-limit=1000 -fstrict-aliasing -funroll-all-loops -Wno-deprecated -march=native -mtune=native" \
..
Add extra include directories:
cmake \
-D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
-D CMAKE_C_COMPILER=mpicc \
-D CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=mpic++ \
-D QMC_INCLUDE="~/path1;~/path2" \
..
We highly encourage tests to be run before using QMCPACK. Details are given in the QMCPACK manual. QMCPACK includes extensive validation tests to ensure the correctness of the code, compilers, tools, and runtime. The tests should ideally be run each compilation, and certainly before any research use. The tests include checks of the output against known mean-field, quantum chemistry, and other QMC results.
While some tests are fully deterministic, due to QMCPACK's stochastic nature some tests are statistical and can occasionally fail. We employ a range of test names and labeling to differentiate between these, as well as developmental tests that are known to fail. In particular, "deterministic" tests include this in their ctest test name, while tests known to be unstable (stochastically or otherwise) are labeled unstable using ctest labels.
The tests currently use up to 16 cores in various combinations of MPI tasks and OpenMP threads. Current status for many combinations of systems, compilers, and libraries can be checked at https://cdash.qmcpack.org
Note that due to the small electron and walker counts used in the tests, they should not be used for any performance measurements. These should be made on problem sizes that are representative of actual research calculations. As described in the manual, performance tests are provided to aid in monitoring performance.
From the build directory, invoke ctest specifying only the unit tests
ctest -j 16 -R unit --output-on-failure
All of these tests should pass within a few minutes. Modify the parallization setting (-j 16) to suit the core count of your system.
From the build directory, invoke ctest specifying only tests that are deterministic and known to be reliable.
ctest -j 16 -R deterministic -LE unstable --output-on-failure
These tests currently take a few minutes to run, and include all the unit tests. All tests should pass. Failing tests likely indicate a significant problem that should be solved before using QMCPACK further. This ctest invocation can be used as part of an automated installation verification process. Many of the tests use a multiple of 16 processes, so on large core count machines a significant speedup can be obtained with -j 64 etc.
From the build directory, invoke ctest specifying only tests including "short" to run that are known to be stable.
ctest -j 16 -R short -LE unstable --output-on-failure
These tests currently take up to around one hour. On average, all tests should pass at a three sigma level of reliability. Any initially failing test should pass when rerun.
Individual tests can be run by specifying their name
ctest -R name-of-test-to-run
Contributions of any size are very welcome. Guidance for contributing to QMCPACK is included in the manual https://qmcpack.readthedocs.io/en/develop/introduction.html#contributing-to-qmcpack. We use a git flow model including pull request reviews. A continuous integration system runs on pull requests. See https://github.com/QMCPACK/qmcpack/wiki for details. For an extensive contribution, it can be helpful to discuss on the Google QMCPACK group, to create a GitHub issue, or to talk directly with a developer in advance.
Contributions are made under the same UIUC/NCSA open source license that covers QMCPACK. Please contact us if this is problematic.
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