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unix-secal's Introduction

Unix

Contexto histórico

Bell Labs

Laboratório onde foi criado C, C++, o transistor.

C foi criado em conjunto com o UNIX.

Thompson & Ritchie

Sistemas UNIX e UNIX-like

Hoje o UNIX não é mais um sistema, e sim uma família de sistemas derivados.

UNIX

BSD
Outros como AIX, HP-UX…

UNIX-like

GNU/Linux
Minix

Usos atuais

Servidores

Supercomputadores

Computação pessoal

Desktop
Smartphones

GNU/Linux

Introdução

É um sistema UNIX-like, de fácil acesso, e bem usável para computação pessoal.

Histórico

Criado por Linus Torvalds em 1991

I’m doing a (free) operating system (just a hobby, won’t be big and professional like gnu) for 386(486) AT clones. This has been brewing since april, and is starting to get ready. I’d like any feedback on things people like/dislike in minix, as my OS resembles it somewhat (same physical layout of the file-system (due to practical reasons) among other things).

I’ve currently ported bash(1.08) and gcc(1.40), and things seem to work. This implies that I’ll get something practical within a few months, and I’d like to know what features most people would want. Any suggestions are welcome, but I won’t promise I’ll implement them :-)

PS. Yes - it’s free of any minix code, and it has a multi-threaded fs. It is NOT protable (uses 386 task switching etc), and it probably never will support anything other than AT-harddisks, as that’s all I have :-(.

Kernel Linux e GNU

O kernel Linux acabou sendo utilizado no projeto GNU, que pretendia fornecer um sistema operacional completo e aberto, e é a base das distribuições Linux (mais corretamente GNU/Linux) que são utilizadas hoje.

Distribuições

Por user-friendliness

Linux Mint
Ubuntu
Fedora
Debian
Arch Linux
Slackware
Gentoo

Not even a distro

LFS (tr00 hardcore black metal senhô da etenidaaadi)

Release format

Rolling
Standard

Gerência de pacotes

Toda distribuição é definida, basicamente, pela forma como os programas são empacotados e instalados. Na maior parte dos casos, isso é feito com um gerenciador de pacotes.

Exemplos:
portage
pacman
yum
apt

Usando o terminal

Curiosidades

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