nettlep / gobbledegook Goto Github PK

Hi. I've been able to build GGK on gentoo64 (sakaki's distro for Raspberry Pi.)

Now I'm trying "sudo src/standalone -d", but it fails:

   INFO: Starting GGK server 'Gobbledegook'
 STATUS: ** SERVER RUN STATE CHANGED: Uninitialized -> Initializing
  DEBUG: Acquiring bus connection
  DEBUG: Creating GLib main loop
-Trace-: Starting GLib main loop
  DEBUG: Acquiring owned name: 'com.gobbledegook'
  DEBUG: Getting BlueZ ObjectManager
  DEBUG: Finding BlueZ GattManager1 interface
!!ERROR: Unable to find the adapter
WARNING:   + Will retry the failed operation in about 2 seconds

Any hints about what could go wrong? Thanks!

can you please write a how to ?

Anyone knows how to update the Glib library to a version higher than 2.44 on Linux?

Hi,

while i was searching the net for a C++ library for BLE, i stumbled across your nice project here.
Another discovery was: https://github.com/weareaudiofile/bluez-dbus-cpp

Since the other lib seems to be unmaintained as well, i created a fork and integrated my changes.
I believe, it might be a good idea to merge these two C++ BLE projects.

What do you think?

Hi! Thanks for the great code!! Do you have any plans to integrate pairing/bonding some time?
Best regards

My little contribution to this amazing project. Implemented the Nordic UART GATT Server Service (to be inserted in the Server.cpp) in the frame of GGK. Tested on RPi3A+, Stretch, Bluez 5.50 and using the Uart Service on the Adafruit Bluefruit APP for IOS.

`

// Nordic UART Service (6e400001-b5a3-f393-e0a9-e50e24dcca9e)
.gattServiceBegin("Nordic_UART_Service", "6e400001-b5a3-f393-e0a9-e50e24dcca9e")

	// Characteristic: String value (custom: 6e400002-b5a3-f393-e0a9-e50e24dcca9e)
	.gattCharacteristicBegin("UART_RX", "6e400002-b5a3-f393-e0a9-e50e24dcca9e", {"write-without-response","write"})

		// Standard characteristic "WriteValue" method call
		.onWriteValue(CHARACTERISTIC_METHOD_CALLBACK_LAMBDA
		{
			// Update the text string value
			GVariant *pAyBuffer = g_variant_get_child_value(pParameters, 0);
			self.setDataPointer("uart_rx", Utils::stringFromGVariantByteArray(pAyBuffer).c_str());

			// Since all of these methods (onReadValue, onWriteValue, onUpdateValue) are all part of the same
			// Characteristic interface (which just so happens to be the same interface passed into our self
			// parameter) we can use that parameter to call our own onUpdatedValue method
			self.callOnUpdatedValue(pConnection, pUserData);

			// Note: Even though the WriteValue method returns void, it's important to return like this, so that a
			// dbus "method_return" is sent, otherwise the client gets an error (ATT error code 0x0e"unlikely").
			// Only "write-without-response" works without this
			self.methodReturnVariant(pInvocation, NULL);
		})

		// Here we use the onUpdatedValue to set a callback that isn't exposed to BlueZ, but rather allows us to manage
		// updates to our value. These updates may have come from our own server or some other source.
		//
		// We can handle updates in any way we wish, but the most common use is to send a change notification.
		.onUpdatedValue(CHARACTERISTIC_UPDATED_VALUE_CALLBACK_LAMBDA
		{
			const char *pTextString = self.getDataPointer<const char *>("uart_rx", "");
			self.sendChangeNotificationValue(pConnection, pTextString);
			return true;
		})

		// GATT Descriptor: Characteristic User Description (0x2901)
		// 
		// See: https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/gatt/viewer?attributeXmlFile=org.bluetooth.descriptor.gatt.characteristic_user_description.xml
		.gattDescriptorBegin("description", "2901", {"read"})

			// Standard descriptor "ReadValue" method call
			.onReadValue(DESCRIPTOR_METHOD_CALLBACK_LAMBDA
			{
				const char *pDescription = "Nordic UART RX";
				self.methodReturnValue(pInvocation, pDescription, true);
			})

		.gattDescriptorEnd()

	.gattCharacteristicEnd()

	// Characteristic: String value (custom: 6e400003-b5a3-f393-e0a9-e50e24dcca9e)
	.gattCharacteristicBegin("UART_TX", "6e400003-b5a3-f393-e0a9-e50e24dcca9e", {"notify"})

		// Standard characteristic "notify" method call
		.onUpdatedValue(CHARACTERISTIC_UPDATED_VALUE_CALLBACK_LAMBDA
		{
			const char *pTextString = self.getDataPointer<const char *>("uart_tx", "");
			self.sendChangeNotificationValue(pConnection, pTextString);
			return true;
		})

		// GATT Descriptor: Characteristic User Description (0x2901)
		// 
		// See: https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/gatt/viewer?attributeXmlFile=org.bluetooth.descriptor.gatt.characteristic_user_description.xml
		.gattDescriptorBegin("description", "2901", {"read"})

			// Standard descriptor "ReadValue" method call
			.onReadValue(DESCRIPTOR_METHOD_CALLBACK_LAMBDA
			{
				const char *pDescription = "Nordic UART TX";
				self.methodReturnValue(pInvocation, pDescription, true);
			})

		.gattDescriptorEnd()

	.gattCharacteristicEnd()		
.gattServiceEnd()
`

Transmit data from the server by:

ggkNofifyUpdatedCharacteristic("/com/gobbledegook/Nordic_UART_Service/UART_TX");

Not shown the application specific handlers in the dataGetter for the 'uart_tx' and in the dataSetter for 'uart_rx', but those familiar with the GGK will understand the missing parts...

I need to take some actions in my program when a device connects or disconnects to GGK. Is there a lambda / callback / whatever, to be notified when a device connects or disconnects?

Hi,
I am able to send null-terminated strings successfully. But when I try to send raw bytes (array of char) where there could be values equal to null in the middle of the data, I get only until the null byte and rest are not sent. I am using a dataSetter method similar to that of the example standalone code.

How can I change this behaviour? Thanks in advance.

gattLoggerDebug(const char *message)
Produces address "65:AB:23:58:EC:64"

From the Linux command line
bluetoothctl devices
Produces address "64:EC:58:23:AB:65"

I have noticed that the server does not send a client a write response.

I have tried sending a "read characteristic command" and I receive a "read response".

But when I send a write command the server does not send a write response back to the client.

hi,

I'd like to send large amount of data, but I don't know how to maximise the speed to send to iOS...but I don't know what the problem with my code :(
could you take a look at?

.gattCharacteristicBegin("toPhone", "----", {"read", "notify"})
.onReadValue(CHARACTERISTIC_METHOD_CALLBACK_LAMBDA
{
int16_t cpuCount = 4;
self.methodReturnValue(pInvocation, cpuCount, true);
})

      .onUpdatedValue(CHARACTERISTIC_UPDATED_VALUE_CALLBACK_LAMBDA
      {
        const std::vector<guint8> Default;
        const std::vector<guint8>* pDataVec = self.getDataPointer<const std::vector<guint8>*>("Data/toPhone",&Default);

          size_t pos = 0;
          size_t left = pDataVec->size();
          const size_t MaxNumtoSend = 100;
          while( left > 0 )
          {
              const size_t toSend = left > MaxNumtoSend ? MaxNumtoSend : left ;
              const std::vector<uint8_t> chunk(pDataVec->data() + pos , pDataVec->data() + pos + toSend);
              self.sendChangeNotificationValue(pConnection,chunk);
              pos += toSend;
              left -= toSend;
          }
        self.clearDataPointer("Data/toPhone");
        return true;
      })
  .gattCharacteristicEnd()

thank you very much

Hi,
I am kind of new to C++ and Bluetooth. I have just started using your server. I have successfully implemented a basic NUS based chat application by modifying your server code and standalone app code. Thanks for all your effort.

But I need to add manufacturer specific data into the advertising data. I could not find any easy way until now to do this. With my limited understanding, I realized that I have to change things much deep into your codes (e.g. using add Advertising command of management-api instead of set advertising command). But the problem is that I am afraid of chaning things without having a complete grasp (which I don't have at the moment).

p.s. I found a python based example where they provide a seperate method just to set this data. But I need a C++ based solution.
Could you please help? Thanks in advance.

I tried to follow the same scheme as done for reading characteristics in write mode but its not working. I would be highly thankful if there could be some example of reading descriptor value as well.

Hi,

I've just forked and am trying to build the lib and app.
I am on a Pi, using:
pi@pi ~/projects/gobbledegook $ g++ --version
g++ (Raspbian 4.9.2-10) 4.9.2
Copyright (C) 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

I am getting a syntax error concerning g_auto():

Utils.cpp: In static member function ‘static GVariant* ggk::Utils::gvariantFromStringArray(const char*, va_list)’:
Utils.cpp:245:24: error: expected primary-expression before ‘)’ token
g_auto(GVariantBuilder) builder;
Utils.cpp:245:24: error: ‘g_auto’ was not declared in this scope

Since I am completely new to all this, and by sheer brut force, it passes if I remove all references to g_auto and simply use:

GVariantBuilder builder;

I wanted your guidance please, in this regards. I am sure it's a problem on my side, and would like your help in resolving it, if possible.

If it's an oversight (which I doubt) and we need to get rid of g_auto(), then I'll open a PR.

Thanks!
Itamar

Hello,

I'm trying to connect some hardware to a raspberry pi 3 and connect the pi via bluetooth to an iPad (6th generation) app.
So far I'm using the example code without any modification, I can compile and run the server. On my Android phone I can see and connect to the server using the nRF Connect App.
On the iPad, however, the gobbledegook server never appears, I used BLE Scanner and my own Swift software and I can find all kinds of devices but not the gobbledegook server. It never gets even listed.
It seems that apple has some stricter rules on what Bluetooth devices they accept. I found the following link which explains some of these rules:
https://community.cypress.com/docs/DOC-14906
https://developer.apple.com/accessories/Accessory-Design-Guidelines.pdf
Unfortunately I don't know much about Bluetooth. Does anyone know what timings or services have to change in order for iOS to accept the BT server?

I guess it would be nice in general if the example code would also connect to iOS

Thank you for your help!

Philipp

Hi,
first of all: Looks like a great library.

I programmed a BLE Library myself for a project but only the central device part is working.
Now I wanted to build a NUS (Nordic UART Service) example (basically BLE-Chat) with a peripheral device using your library and mine for the central device.
It would be really nice to see such an example.
My was implemented against BlueZ 5.37 (with experimental flag, but 5.37 was the preinstalled version) and now it is not clear if the goobledegook library will work with 5.37.

So my fist question is now: Does your library only work with BlueZ 5.45 or is the D-Bus API version 5.45 different to the version 5.37?

How can I make the ff. perform in the correct order within characteristicA's dataSetter?

1. Write on characteristicA
2. Notify characteristicB w/ new value "1"
3. Perform some internal logic in standalone
4. Notify characteristicB w/ new value "0"

Currently I get the ff. order for the values I receive on characteristicB:

1. Write on characteristicA
2. Perform some internal logic in standalone
3. Notify characteristicB w/ new value "1"
4. Notify characteristicB w/ new value "0"

Initial investigation shows that "ggkNofifyUpdatedCharacteristic" adds the notification entries into a queue and only pops the items in the queue after I perform the internal logic and I exit the dataSetter function. Is it possible to make the first scenario work in GGK?

nRF Connect is showing my ggk server as having a 1281ms adv. interval. Is there some way of increasing the speed of the advertising interval? Most other devices are around 40ms.

Looks like there is a hcitool command that may be applicable.

Hi, I wanted to advertise a service UUID.

Your library is great but it seems service UUID advertisement is not supported (or I couldn't get it to work).

I'm not familiar with D-Bus interface but it seems org.bluez.LEAdvertisingManager1 is needed. Also it looks like the XML must include

Any hints on how it could be added to your library?

Thanks,

Thanks for your work, I'm using your program to create my service, so far it works fine, but I can't customize my BT name, my BT name is "Smart Disk 7778", and then I found that the name was intercepted by the program , becomes "Smart Disk".

i want to cross-compile gobbledegook for ARM because i use AM3358 Processer, and it too slow to compile gobbledegook.
So can you tell me, how can i cross-compile gobbledegook for ARM, thank you very much.

Hi,

Nice work! Been tired of using Bluez's py code so this is refreshing. Just to let you know in the 'Tested on Ubuntu 16.04 on x86 and Raspberry Pi' you could add 'Freescale imx7'

Cross complies nicely and can see all the services and characteristics using iOS BLE scanner.

Cheers.

When I try to write the "text/string" characteristic in the unmodified standalone.cpp / Server.cpp I get the error 0x0e (unlikely). When using gatt-python this error shows as 'Operation failed with ATT error: 0x0e' and with nRF Connect I get Write operation failed: BLE_GATT_STATUS_ATTERR_UNLIKELY_ERROR (0x010E).

I have tested with bluez 5.48 and 5.45 on Ubuntu 18.04 and I don't see useful debug information in the logs, the error is not mentioned neither by bluetoothd nor gobbledegook. btmon shows me the error is sent:

Bluetooth monitor ver 5.48
= Note: Linux version 4.15.0-42-generic (x86_64)                                             0.728855
= Note: Bluetooth subsystem version 2.22                                                     0.728857
= New Index: BA:27:EB:BB:B3:40 (Primary,USB,hci0)                                     [hci0] 0.728857
= Open Index: BA:27:EB:BB:B3:40                                                       [hci0] 0.728858
= Index Info: BA:27:EB:BB:B3:40 (Cambridge Silicon Radio)                             [hci0] 0.728858
@ MGMT Open: standalone (privileged) version 1.14                                   {0x0003} 0.728859
@ MGMT Open: bluetoothd (privileged) version 1.14                                   {0x0002} 0.728859
@ MGMT Open: bluetoothd (privileged) version 1.14                                   {0x0001} 0.728859
@ MGMT Open: btmon (privileged) version 1.14                                        {0x0004} 0.728939
> ACL Data RX: Handle 68 flags 0x02 dlen 12                                        #1 [hci0] 9.186933
      ATT: Write Request (0x12) len 7
        Handle: 0x0037
          Data: 6262626262
< ACL Data TX: Handle 68 flags 0x00 dlen 9                                        #2 [hci0] 14.192821
      ATT: Error Response (0x01) len 4
        Write Request (0x12)
        Handle: 0x0037
        Error: Unlikely Error (0x0e)
> HCI Event: Number of Completed Packets (0x13) plen 5                            #3 [hci0] 14.272507
        Num handles: 1
        Handle: 68
        Count: 1

I suppose it may be related to the write response mentioned in #6, as, when I run the example-gatt-server from bluez my test application receives a write response and all is OK.

Also when I change the characteristic to "write-without-response" it works OK - but without write responses...
.gattCharacteristicBegin("string", "00000002-1E3C-FAD4-74E2-97A033F1BFAA", {"read", "write-without-response", "notify"})

Hi,

I tried to create a 700-character long string and read it from a Xiaomi Android phone, but I only get 512 digits. I assume this is the agreed MTU size between the Android phone and my Ubuntu laptop running the gobbledegook standalone server.

Does the library support sending longer than the MTU size if it is indeed the cause of the trimmed value I received?

hi,

I love gobbledegook, but can't find how to set ManufacturerData (to advertise) :(

cheers

Same error as #10 (comment)
Connection an iOS device works fine for a while, an error appear looping

!!ERROR: Unsupported response event type: 0x0011 (Authentication Failed Event)

You mentioned that it doesn't support pairing #9 (comment)
configuring Bluetooth to use pairable on pairs the device and the message goes away.

Is there a way to resolve this without pairing the device?
This error can be reproduced with any generic BLE discovery app in the app store.

is the error uuid referring to the
HIDP | 0x0011 | Human Interface Device Profile (HID)
https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/assigned-numbers/service-discovery
and so do we need to setup a authorize characteristic?
`from https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/bluetooth/bluez.git/plain/doc/gatt-api.txt

Another workaround is to ignore the errors, as the server and the client works fine with them.

Hello. I am really happy to discover this marvelous ble tool!

Currently, I want to set an Advertised service UUID for my specified ble application before connection for a central scanning device. While I understand I can set Advertised service UUID via using "sudo hcitool -i hci0 cmd 0x08 0x0008" command, but whenever I set the gobbledegook server up, Advertising packet gets initialized.

Is it a way to set it with gobbledegook?

This is a wonderful library and works brilliantly, but I have come across one problem and I am describing a workaround here in case any other users have a similar problem. I created a BLE peripheral using a raspberry pi using the ggk library. When started from the command line it works, but it hangs when started automatically at boot using a systemd service. I added the normal dependencies (after Bluetooth.service, wantedby Bluetooth.target etc) then tried using a crontab job. Both had the same problem; After calling ggkStart() it returns an error and then the thread hangs and does not return.

I have the same error trying to run the "standalone" example from boot- (in order to remove any problems that might have been with my own implementation of ggk). Error logs show:

Feb 24 17:47:30 raspberrypi3b3 standalone[360]: !!ERROR: Failed to get an ObjectManager client: Error calling StartServiceByName for org.bluez: Failed to activate service 'org.bluez': timed out (service_start_timeout=25000ms)
Feb 24 17:47:30 raspberrypi3b3 standalone[360]: WARNING: + Will retry the failed operation in about 2 seconds
Feb 24 17:47:31 raspberrypi3b3 standalone[360]: DEBUG: Ticking retry timer
Feb 24 17:47:32 raspberrypi3b3 standalone[360]: DEBUG: Ticking retry timer
Feb 24 17:47:32 raspberrypi3b3 standalone[360]: DEBUG: Getting BlueZ ObjectManager
Feb 24 17:47:35 raspberrypi3b3 standalone[360]: !!ERROR: GGK server initialization timed out
Feb 24 17:47:35 raspberrypi3b3 standalone[360]: STATUS: ** SERVER HEALTH CHANGED: Ok -> Failed initialization
Feb 24 17:47:35 raspberrypi3b3 standalone[360]: STATUS: ** SERVER RUN STATE CHANGED: Initializing -> Stopping
Feb 24 17:47:35 raspberrypi3b3 standalone[360]: -Trace-: HciAdapter waiting for thread termination
Feb 24 17:47:35 raspberrypi3b3 standalone[360]: -Trace-: > Event thread is not joinable
Feb 24 17:47:35 raspberrypi3b3 standalone[360]: STATUS: ** SERVER RUN STATE CHANGED: Stopping -> Stopped
Feb 24 17:47:35 raspberrypi3b3 standalone[360]: INFO: GGK server stopped

Unfortunately this error appears to create a hanging condition. I don't understand why. The ggkStart method returns an error code, and my code executes a few more lines and then the main thread hangs. After endless head scratching and attempts to get this working, I eventually just put a delay in the contact of five seconds in the shell program that invokes it. Now it works. This is just a heads up for anyone attempting to do the same thing. Bluez appears to require some services which have not yet even started after user prompts are available on the command line. More seriously there appears to be a problem with ggk catching this error properly. I would attempt to debug the ggk code myself to fix this, but it is beyond my knowledge at the moment. If you can live with the workaround - it works well !

Hi!

This is a real problem. Tried several distros all with BLUEZ 5.50 always the same when connecting with iPhone. Was working great with Bluez 5.43

Now I get:
ERROR: Unsupported response event type: 0x0011 (Authentication failed event)

Same as reported by others here.

Any hints?

Thanks!
Tim

Firstly what a well written and nicely documented project.

Secondly, the last time this project was active was 7 years ago. I'm not sure what has changed w.r.t. bluez and its dbus implementation but I am guessing most of the stuff in Mgmt.cpp wasn't there. That's no longer true so although supporting the Management API still works, a lot of those API's can be found in the org.bluez.Adapter1 interface exposed in the /org/bluez/hc0 object

I'm currently running the standalone binary without modification (BlueZ 5.48).

nRF Connect is able to discover the device via its scanner. However, the nRF Connect fails during "Discovering services..." which leads to a disconnect. The error message is "Error 22 (0x16): GATT CONN TERMINATE LOCAL HOST".

The standalone server produces no log event during the nRF service discovery failure

I have all the latest (as pr 15-nov-2018) dis-upgrades and updates on an RPi3 w. Stretch and have installed Bluez-5.50. The make of gkk gives the output shown below.
Any help would be appreciated.

make all-recursive
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/pi/gobbledegook'
Making all in src
make[2]: Entering directory '/home/pi/gobbledegook/src'
g++ -fPIC -Wall -Wextra -std=c++11 -g -O2 -o standalone standalone-standalone.o libggk.a -lgobject-2.0 -lgio-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lpthread
libggk.a(libggk_a-DBusObject.o): In function ggk::DBusObject::generateIntrospectionXML(int) const': /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/DBusObject.cpp:258: undefined reference to ggk::Logger::debug(std::string const&)'
libggk.a(libggk_a-DBusObject.o): In function construct<ggk::GattService, ggk::DBusObject&, char const (&)[23]>': /usr/include/c++/4.9/ext/new_allocator.h:120: undefined reference to ggk::GattService::GattService(ggk::DBusObject&, std::string const&)'
libggk.a(libggk_a-DBusObject.o): In function ggk::GattService& ggk::GattInterface::addProperty<ggk::GattService>(std::string const&, ggk::GattUuid const&, _GVariant* (*)(_GDBusConnection*, char const*, char const*, char const*, char const*, _GError**, void*), int (*)(_GDBusConnection*, char const*, char const*, char const*, char const*, _GVariant*, _GError**, void*))': /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/GattInterface.h:100: undefined reference to ggk::GattProperty::GattProperty(std::string const&, _GVariant*, _GVariant* ()(_GDBusConnection, char const*, char const*, char const*, char const*, _GError**, void*), int ()(_GDBusConnection, char const*, char const*, char const*, char const*, _GVariant*, _GError**, void*))'
libggk.a(libggk_a-DBusObject.o): In function ggk::GattService& ggk::GattInterface::addProperty<ggk::GattService>(std::string const&, bool, _GVariant* (*)(_GDBusConnection*, char const*, char const*, char const*, char const*, _GError**, void*), int (*)(_GDBusConnection*, char const*, char const*, char const*, char const*, _GVariant*, _GError**, void*))': /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/GattInterface.h:142: undefined reference to ggk::GattProperty::GattProperty(std::string const&, _GVariant*, _GVariant* ()(_GDBusConnection, char const*, char const*, char const*, char const*, _GError**, void*), int ()(_GDBusConnection, char const*, char const*, char const*, char const*, _GVariant*, _GError**, void*))'
libggk.a(libggk_a-DBusObject.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN3ggk11GattServiceE[_ZTVN3ggk11GattServiceE]+0x1c): undefined reference to ggk::GattInterface::generateIntrospectionXML(int) const' libggk.a(libggk_a-Init.o): In function ggk::registerObjects()':
/home/pi/gobbledegook/src/Init.cpp:642: undefined reference to ggk::DBusObject::generateIntrospectionXML[abi:cxx11](int) const' libggk.a(libggk_a-Server.o): In function ggk::Server::findInterface(ggk::DBusObjectPath const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&) const':
/home/pi/gobbledegook/src/Server.cpp:607: undefined reference to ggk::DBusObject::findInterface(ggk::DBusObjectPath const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, ggk::DBusObjectPath const&) const' libggk.a(libggk_a-Server.o): In function ggk::Server::callMethod(ggk::DBusObjectPath const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, _GDBusConnection*, _GVariant*, _GDBusMethodInvocation*, void*) const':
/home/pi/gobbledegook/src/Server.cpp:624: undefined reference to ggk::DBusObject::callMethod(ggk::DBusObjectPath const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, _GDBusConnection*, _GVariant*, _GDBusMethodInvocation*, void*, ggk::DBusObjectPath const&) const' libggk.a(libggk_a-Server.o): In function ggk::Server::Server(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, void const* ()(char const), int ()(char const, void const*))':
/home/pi/gobbledegook/src/Server.cpp:263: undefined reference to ggk::DBusObject::gattServiceBegin(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, ggk::GattUuid const&)' /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/Server.cpp:303: undefined reference to ggk::DBusObject::gattServiceBegin(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, ggk::GattUuid const&)'
/home/pi/gobbledegook/src/Server.cpp:344: undefined reference to ggk::DBusObject::gattServiceBegin(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, ggk::GattUuid const&)' /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/Server.cpp:385: undefined reference to ggk::DBusObject::gattServiceBegin(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, ggk::GattUuid const&)'
/home/pi/gobbledegook/src/Server.cpp:444: undefined reference to ggk::DBusObject::gattServiceBegin(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, ggk::GattUuid const&)' libggk.a(libggk_a-Server.o):/home/pi/gobbledegook/src/Server.cpp:483: more undefined references to ggk::DBusObject::gattServiceBegin(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, ggk::GattUuid const&)' follow
libggk.a(libggk_a-Server.o): In function void __gnu_cxx::new_allocator<ggk::DBusInterface>::construct<ggk::DBusInterface, ggk::DBusObject&, char const (&) [35]>(ggk::DBusInterface*, ggk::DBusObject&, char const (&) [35])': /usr/include/c++/6/ext/new_allocator.h:120: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::DBusInterface(ggk::DBusObject&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&)'
libggk.a(libggk_a-Server.o): In function ggk::Server::Server(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, void const* (*)(char const*), int (*)(char const*, void const*))': /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/Server.cpp:593: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::addMethod(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, char const**, char const*, void ()(ggk::DBusInterface const&, _GDBusConnection, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, _GVariant*, _GDBusMethodInvocation*, void*))'
libggk.a(libggk_a-ServerUtils.o): In function ggk::addManagedObjectsNode(ggk::DBusObject const&, ggk::DBusObjectPath const&, _GVariantBuilder*)': /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/ServerUtils.cpp:76: undefined reference to ggk::DBusObject::getInterfacesabi:cxx11 const'
/home/pi/gobbledegook/src/ServerUtils.cpp:82: undefined reference to ggk::DBusObject::getInterfaces[abi:cxx11]() const' /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/ServerUtils.cpp:90: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::getNameabi:cxx11 const'
/home/pi/gobbledegook/src/ServerUtils.cpp:109: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::getName[abi:cxx11]() const' /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/ServerUtils.cpp:186: undefined reference to ggk::DBusObject::getChildrenabi:cxx11 const'
/home/pi/gobbledegook/src/ServerUtils.cpp:118: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::getName[abi:cxx11]() const' /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/ServerUtils.cpp:137: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::getNameabi:cxx11 const'
/home/pi/gobbledegook/src/ServerUtils.cpp:146: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::getName[abi:cxx11]() const' /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/ServerUtils.cpp:165: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::getNameabi:cxx11 const'
libggk.a(libggk_a-GattCharacteristic.o): In function ggk::GattCharacteristic::onReadValue(void (*)(ggk::GattCharacteristic const&, _GDBusConnection*, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, _GVariant*, _GDBusMethodInvocation*, void*))': /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/GattCharacteristic.cpp:115: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::addMethod(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, char const**, char const*, void ()(ggk::DBusInterface const&, _GDBusConnection, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, _GVariant*, _GDBusMethodInvocation*, void*))'
libggk.a(libggk_a-GattCharacteristic.o): In function ggk::GattCharacteristic::onWriteValue(void (*)(ggk::GattCharacteristic const&, _GDBusConnection*, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, _GVariant*, _GDBusMethodInvocation*, void*))': /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/GattCharacteristic.cpp:131: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::addMethod(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, char const**, char const*, void ()(ggk::DBusInterface const&, _GDBusConnection, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, _GVariant*, _GDBusMethodInvocation*, void*))'
libggk.a(libggk_a-GattCharacteristic.o): In function ggk::GattCharacteristic::sendChangeNotificationVariant(_GDBusConnection*, _GVariant*) const': /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/GattCharacteristic.cpp:221: undefined reference to ggk::DBusObject::emitSignal(_GDBusConnection*, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, _GVariant*)'
libggk.a(libggk_a-GattCharacteristic.o): In function ggk::GattCharacteristic::callMethod(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, _GDBusConnection*, _GVariant*, _GDBusMethodInvocation*, void*) const': /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/GattCharacteristic.cpp:74: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::getNameabi:cxx11 const'
libggk.a(libggk_a-GattDescriptor.o): In function ggk::GattDescriptor::onReadValue(void (*)(ggk::GattDescriptor const&, _GDBusConnection*, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, _GVariant*, _GDBusMethodInvocation*, void*))': /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/GattDescriptor.cpp:116: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::addMethod(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, char const**, char const*, void ()(ggk::DBusInterface const&, _GDBusConnection, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, _GVariant*, _GDBusMethodInvocation*, void*))'
libggk.a(libggk_a-GattDescriptor.o): In function ggk::GattDescriptor::onWriteValue(void (*)(ggk::GattDescriptor const&, _GDBusConnection*, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, _GVariant*, _GDBusMethodInvocation*, void*))': /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/GattDescriptor.cpp:132: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::addMethod(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, char const**, char const*, void ()(ggk::DBusInterface const&, _GDBusConnection, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, _GVariant*, _GDBusMethodInvocation*, void*))'
libggk.a(libggk_a-GattDescriptor.o): In function ggk::GattDescriptor::callMethod(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, _GDBusConnection*, _GVariant*, _GDBusMethodInvocation*, void*) const': /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/GattDescriptor.cpp:75: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::getNameabi:cxx11 const'
libggk.a(libggk_a-GattInterface.o): In function ggk::GattInterface::GattInterface(ggk::DBusObject&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)': /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/GattInterface.cpp:45: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::DBusInterface(ggk::DBusObject&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&)'
libggk.a(libggk_a-GattInterface.o): In function ggk::GattInterface::generateIntrospectionXML[abi:cxx11](int) const': /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/GattInterface.cpp:107: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::getNameabi:cxx11 const'
/home/pi/gobbledegook/src/GattInterface.cpp:112: undefined reference to ggk::DBusMethod::generateIntrospectionXML[abi:cxx11](int) const' /home/pi/gobbledegook/src/GattInterface.cpp:103: undefined reference to ggk::DBusInterface::getNameabi:cxx11 const'
libggk.a(libggk_a-GattInterface.o):(.data.rel.ro+0x20): undefined reference to `ggk::DBusInterface::callMethod(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits, std::allocator > const&, _GDBusConnection*, _GVariant*, _GDBusMethodInvocation*, void*) const'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Makefile:394: recipe for target 'standalone' failed
make[2]: *** [standalone] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/gobbledegook/src'
Makefile:368: recipe for target 'all-recursive' failed
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/gobbledegook'
Makefile:309: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2

Seems in order to create a new Server with custom services and characteristics, I need to modify Server.cpp and build all the GPL code into my project, which I'd rather not do.

Seems like there needs to be a libggk.a built without Server.cpp included so I can include my own and link against the GPL library to correctly observe the GPL license.

Or a way to instantiate my own Server class and pass it into ggkStart() and have it call my class instead of the built in one.

Or perhaps relicense the library as BSD.

Thanks.

The documentation on this is great! But, you might want to consider having a section on dependencies. I needed to install automake and libbluetooth-dev before it would build on Raspbian Stretch. The ./configure script noticed that I didn't have automake, but I didn't realize that I needed libbluetooth-dev until it started the compile.

Also, you mention that you build it on 5.45. It seems to work fine on the default install of 5.43 that comes with Raspbian Stretch. (with --expiremental enabled) Is there anything that I should be aware of with that older version?

Hello Paul,

First of all, thank you very much for this great piece of code. 👍

I hope you can help me to clear up what is going here.

I've downloaded your latest version on a CentOS 7 Linux running on a Raspberry Pi v3 B, using Bluez version 5.49. The compilation went fine and I'm able to run ./standalone -d without any problems.

Then I'm using the Android App called nRF Connect to be able to establish a BLE connection with the standalone program. This also when smooth and well.

I've expanded the Unknown Characteristic where you can send a text and it will go back to you as a notification. I wrote and sent just a test string and it indeed went back to me as a notification, but I see the error Error 14 (0xe): GATT ERR UNLIKELY in the log of the session. I used the nRF Logger Android App to obtain the complete transcription log:

(please scroll down near to the end to see the error)

nRF Connect, 2018-10-18
Gobbledego (B8:27:EB:37:2C:0D)
I	11:24:15.029	[Server] Server started
V	11:24:15.065	Heart Rate (0x180D)
- Heart Rate Measurement [N] (0x2A37)
   Client Characteristic Configuration (0x2902)
- Body Sensor Location [R] (0x2A38)
- Heart Rate Control Point [W] (0x2A39)
Unknown Service (0000aaa0-0000-1000-8000-aabbccddeeff)
- Unknown Characteristic [N R] (0000aaa1-0000-1000-8000-aabbccddeeff)
   Client Characteristic Configuration (0x2902)
   Unknown Descriptor (0000aab0-0000-1000-8000-aabbccddeeff)
   Characteristic User Description (0x2901)
   Characteristic Presentation Format (0x2904)
- Unknown Characteristic [I W WNR] (0000aaa2-0000-1000-8000-aabbccddeeff)
   Client Characteristic Configuration (0x2902)
User Data (0x181C)
- First Name [R W] (0x2A8A)
- Last Name [R W] (0x2A90)
- Gender [R W] (0x2A8C)
V	11:24:15.452	Connecting to B8:27:EB:37:2C:0D...
D	11:24:15.454	gatt = device.connectGatt(autoConnect = false, TRANSPORT_LE, preferred PHY = LE 1M)
D	11:24:16.581	[Server callback] Connection state changed with status: 0 and new state: CONNECTED (2)
I	11:24:16.581	[Server] Device with address B8:27:EB:37:2C:0D connected
D	11:24:16.595	[Callback] Connection state changed with status: 0 and new state: CONNECTED (2)
I	11:24:16.595	Connected to B8:27:EB:37:2C:0D
D	11:24:16.653	[Broadcast] Action received: android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_CONNECTED
V	11:24:16.653	Discovering services...
D	11:24:16.653	gatt.discoverServices()
I	11:24:17.017	[Server] MTU changed to 517
I	11:24:17.416	Connection parameters updated (interval: 7.5ms, latency: 0, timeout: 5000ms)
D	11:24:17.911	[Callback] Services discovered with status: 0
I	11:24:17.911	Services discovered
V	11:24:17.951	Generic Access (0x1800)
- Device Name [R] (0x2A00)
- Appearance [R] (0x2A01)
Generic Attribute (0x1801)
- Service Changed [I] (0x2A05)
   Client Characteristic Configuration (0x2902)
Device Information (0x180A)
- Manufacturer Name String [R] (0x2A29)
- Model Number String [R] (0x2A24)
Battery Service (0x180F)
- Battery Level [N R] (0x2A19)
   Client Characteristic Configuration (0x2902)
Current Time Service (0x1805)
- Current Time [N R] (0x2A2B)
   Client Characteristic Configuration (0x2902)
- Local Time Information [R] (0x2A0F)
Unknown Service (00000001-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa)
- Unknown Characteristic [N R W] (00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa)
   Client Characteristic Configuration (0x2902)
   Characteristic User Description (0x2901)
Unknown Service (00000001-1e3d-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfee)
- Unknown Characteristic [R] (00000002-1e3d-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfee)
   Characteristic User Description (0x2901)
Unknown Service (0000b001-1e3d-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfee)
- Unknown Characteristic [R] (0000b002-1e3d-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfee)
   Characteristic User Description (0x2901)
- Unknown Characteristic [R] (0000b003-1e3d-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfee)
   Characteristic User Description (0x2901)
D	11:24:17.952	gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(00002a05-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb, true)
D	11:24:17.956	gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(00002a19-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb, true)
D	11:24:17.959	gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(00002a2b-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb, true)
D	11:24:17.962	gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa, true)
I	11:24:17.995	Connection parameters updated (interval: 48.75ms, latency: 0, timeout: 5000ms)
V	11:24:31.105	Enabling notifications for 00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa
D	11:24:31.105	gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa, true)
D	11:24:31.107	gatt.writeDescriptor(00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb, value=0x0100)
I	11:24:31.207	Data written to descr. 00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb, value: (0x) 01-00
A	11:24:31.207	"Notifications enabled" sent
V	11:24:31.224	Notifications enabled for 00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa
V	11:24:33.845	Disabling notifications for 00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa
D	11:24:33.845	gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa, false)
D	11:24:33.847	gatt.writeDescriptor(00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb, value=0x0000)
I	11:24:33.935	Data written to descr. 00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb, value: (0x) 00-00
A	11:24:33.935	"Notifications and indications disabled" sent
V	11:24:33.953	Notifications and indications disabled for 00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa
V	11:24:49.761	Reading characteristic 00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa
D	11:24:49.761	gatt.readCharacteristic(00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa)
I	11:24:49.831	Read Response received from 00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa, value: (0x) 48-65-6C-6C-6F-2C-20-77-6F-72-6C-64-21, "Hello, world!"
A	11:24:49.831	"(0x) 48-65-6C-6C-6F-2C-20-77-6F-72-6C-64-21, "Hello, world!"" received
V	11:24:55.030	Enabling notifications for 00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa
D	11:24:55.030	gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa, true)
D	11:24:55.032	gatt.writeDescriptor(00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb, value=0x0100)
I	11:24:55.092	Data written to descr. 00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb, value: (0x) 01-00
A	11:24:55.092	"Notifications enabled" sent
V	11:24:55.112	Notifications enabled for 00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa
V	11:25:10.813	Writing request to characteristic 00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa
D	11:25:10.814	gatt.writeCharacteristic(00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa, value=0x6A75737420612074657374)
I	11:25:10.891	Notification received from 00000002-1e3c-fad4-74e2-97a033f1bfaa, value: (0x) 6A-75-73-74-20-61-20-74-65-73-74, "just a test"
A	11:25:10.891	"(0x) 6A-75-73-74-20-61-20-74-65-73-74, "just a test"" received
E	11:25:15.861	Error 14 (0xe): GATT ERR UNLIKELY
V	11:25:22.535	[Server] Cancelling server connection...
D	11:25:22.535	server.cancelConnection(device)
V	11:25:22.562	Disconnecting...
D	11:25:22.562	gatt.disconnect()
D	11:25:22.565	[Callback] Connection state changed with status: 0 and new state: DISCONNECTED (0)
I	11:25:22.592	Disconnected
D	11:25:22.610	gatt.close()
D	11:25:22.651	wait(200)

Please, let me know if I missed something important during the compilation process.
Thanks.

Just in case if anyone is looking to use cmake with this library I was able to compile with the following file

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)

project(GATTCHECK LANGUAGES CXX)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)

find_package(PkgConfig REQUIRED)
find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
find_package(realsense2 REQUIRED)

pkg_search_module(GLib REQUIRED glib-2.0)
pkg_search_module(GTK REQUIRED gtk+-3.0)
pkg_search_module(GIO REQUIRED)

include_directories(${GLib_INCLUDE_DIRS}
                    ${GTK_INCLUDE_DIRS}
                    ${GIO_INCLUDE_DIRS})

link_directories(${GLib_LIBRARY_DIRS}
                 ${GTK_LIBRARY_DIRS}
                  ${GIO_LIBRARY_DIRS})

add_definitions(${GTK_CFLAGS_OTHER})

add_executable(GATTCHECK standalone.cpp)
target_link_libraries(GATTCHECK
                      ${GATTCHECK_SOURCE_DIR}/libggk.a
                      ${GLib_LIBRARIES}
                      ${GKT_LIBRARIES}
                      ${GIO_LIBRARIES}
                      ${realsense2_LIBRARY}
                      pthread
                     )

You need to put libggk.a and Gobbledegook.h in the source directory.

Hello Nettlep nice software! I was able to make a gatt server in 10 minutes!
But sometimes the notification part does not work.
I downloaded the last version 6feca1d I can't see any message related to the notiication on the terminal when on the phone (using nRF connect application) I subscribe to the battery notification.
On the phone the value battery characteristic doesn't change until I press read .
The problem happens about one time every 5 ,then I kill the software with ctrl+C and, I run sudo ./src/standalone -d again and sometimes it does work.
Tested on debian9 x64 with bluetooth usb Lm506 with bluez5.46 running: bluez-5.46/src/./bluetoothd --experimental -n -d
On bluez I always see (also when there is the problem) :
src/gatt-database.c:ccc_write_cb() External CCC write received with value: 0x0001
and when I disable the notification I see:
src/gatt-database.c:ccc_write_cb() External CCC write received with value: 0x0000

Hello:

Could I use your library to communicate with a TI Sensor Tag?

I currently use the tinyb library to talk to the TI Sensor Tag. However issues have popped up
and I am not getting any support. So I am looking or alternatives.

Tinyb uses dbus to talk to bluetoothd.

thank you,
west suhanic

Sorry, I want to ask you question, because I set bluetooth name 'gobbledegook'。why this problem.
please tell me ,thank you。
WARNING: + Timed out waiting on command code 0x000F (Set Local Name Command)
!!ERROR: GGK server initialization timed out
STATUS: ** SERVER HEALTH CHANGED: Ok -> Failed initialization
STATUS: ** SERVER RUN STATE CHANGED: Initializing -> Stopping
-Trace-: HciAdapter waiting for thread termination

.onWriteValue() stalls, even when doing noithing