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netcause.github.io's Introduction

Welcome!

Date

1-4:30pm EDT, February 23, 2022 (Wednesday)

Presenters

Elena Zheleva (UIC) & David Arbour (Adobe Research)

Description

The task of causal inference -- inferring the effect of interventions and counterfactuals from data -- is central to a vast number of scientific and industrial applications. To capture the noise, heterogeneity, and complex relationships in real-world data, it is customary to model data sources as relational systems and to reason about them probabilistically. Relations in data can be represented through heterogeneous networks in which nodes represent interdependent entities, such as people, companies, websites, and diseases, while edges denote different relationships between these entities, such as friendship, hyperlink, contribution, and spread of disease.

This tutorial will present state-of-the-art research on causal inference from network data, also known as causal inference with interference. We will start by motivating research in this area with real-world applications, such as measuring influence in social networks and market experimentation. We will discuss the challenges of applying existing causal inference techniques designed for independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) data to relational data, some of the solutions that currently exist and the gaps and opportunities for future research. We will present existing network experiment designs for measuring different possible effects of interest. Then we will focus on causal inference from observational data, its representation, identification, and estimation. We will conclude with research on causal discovery in networks.

Materials

A pdf of the presentation from the tutorial at KDD 2021 can be found here.

A pdf of the presentation from the tutorial at AAAI 2022 can be found here.

References

  • Christakis & Fowler. The Spread of Obesity in a Large Social Network Over 32 Years. New England Journal of Medicine. 2007.
  • Lee & Ogburn. Network Dependence Can Lead to Spurious Associations and Invalid Inference. Journal of American Statistical Association. 2020.
  • Bail, Argyle, Brown, Bumpus, Chen, Hunzaker, Lee, Mann, Merhout, Volfovsky. Exposure to opposing views on social media can increase political polarization. PNAS 2018.
  • Sun, Viswanathan, Zheleva. Creating Social Contagion through Firm-mediated Message Design: Evidence from A Randomized Field Experiment. Management Science 2021.
  • Pearl. The seven tools of causal inference, with reflections on machine learning. Communications of the ACM 2019.
  • Pearl. Causality: Models, Reasoning and Inference. 2009.
  • Halloran, Struchiner. Causal inference in infectious diseases. Epidemiology 1995.
  • Hudgens, Halloran. Toward causal inference with interference. JASA 2008.
  • Ugander, Karrer, Backstrom, Kleinberg. Graph cluster randomization: Network exposure to multiple universes. KDD 2013.
  • Leavitt. Some effects of certain communication patterns on group performance. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 46(1): 38. 1951.
  • Aral. Networked Experiments. The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of Networks. 2016.
  • Manski. Economic analysis of social interactions. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 2000
  • Toulis, Kao. Estimation of Causal Peer Influence Effects. ICML 2013.
  • Eckles, Kizilcec, Bakshy. Estimating peer effects in networks with peer encouragement designs. PNAS 2016
  • Fatemi & Zheleva. Minimizing interference and selection bias in network experiment design. ICWSM 2020.
  • Saveski, Pouget-Abadie, Saint-Jacques, Duan, Ghosh, Xu, Airoldi. Detecting network effects: Randomizing over randomized experiments. KDD 2017.
  • Stuart. Matching methods for causal inference: a review and look forward. Stat. Science 2010.
  • Johari, Li, Liskovic, Weintraub. Experimental design in two-sided platforms: An analysis of bias. Arxiv 2020.
  • Bajari, Burdick, Imbens, McQueen, Richardson, Rosen. Multiple randomization designs for interference. ASSA Annual Meeting 2020.
  • Ogburn, VanderWeele. Causal Diagrams for Interference. Statistical Science 2014.
  • Shalizi & Thomas. Homophily and Contagion Are Generically Confounded in Observational Social Network Studies. Sociological Methods & Research 2011.
  • Tran & Zheleva. Heterogeneous Peer Effects in the Linear Threshold Model. AAAI 2022.
  • Ogburn, et al. Causal inference, social networks and chain graphs. JRSSB 2020.
  • Sherman, Arbour, and Shpitser. General Identification of Dynamic Treatment Regimes Under Interference. AISTATS 2020.
  • Lauritzen & Richardson. Chain Graph Models and Their Causal Interpretation. JRSSB 2002.
  • Richardson. Markov Properties for Acyclic Directed Mixed Graphs. Scandinavian Journal of Statistics. 2002.
  • Richardson, Robins and Shpitser. Nested Markov Properties for Acyclic Directed Mixed Graphs. UAI 2012.
  • Tian and Pearl. A General Identification Condition for Causal Effects. AAAI 2002.
  • Shpitser and Pearl. Identification of Joint Interventional Distributions in Recursive Semi-Markovian Causal Models. AAAI 2006.
  • Huang and Voltorta. Pearl’s Calculus of Intervention is Complete. UAI 2006.
  • Shpitser. Segregated Graphs and Marginals of Chain Graph Models. NeurIPS 2015.
  • Sherman & Shpitser. Identification of Causal Effects from Dependent Data. NeurIPS 2018.
  • Getoor, Friedman, Koller & Pfeffer. Learning Probabilistic Relational Models. IJCAI. 1999.
  • Heckerman, Meek, and Killer. Probablistic Models for Relational Data. MSR Tech Report. 2004.
  • Maier, Marazopoulou, and Jensen. Reasoning about Independence in Probabilistic Models of Relational Data. Arxiv 2013.
  • Lee and Hanovar. A Characterization of Markov Equivalence Classes of Relational Causal Models under Path Semantics. UAI 2016
  • Arbour, Garant, and Jensen. Inferring Network Effects from Observational Data. KDD 2016.
  • Maier, Marazopoulou, Arbour, and Jensen. A Sound and Complete Algorithm for Learning Causal Models from Relational Data. UAI. 2013.
  • Arbour, Marazopoulou, and Jensen. Inferring Causal Direction from Relational Data. UAI 2016.
  • Jensen, Burroni, and Rattigan. Object Conditioning for Causal Inference. UAI 2020.
  • Salimi, Parikh, Kayali, Getoor, Roy, and Suciu. Causal Relational Learning. SIGMOD 2020.
  • Bhattacharya, Malinsky, and Shpitser. Causal inference under interference and network uncertainty. UAI 2019.
  • Spirtes, Glymour, Scheines. Causation, Prediction, and Search. MIT Press, 1993.
  • Lee and Hanovar. On Learning Causal Models from Relational Data. AAAI 2016.
  • Ahsan, Arbour, Zheleva. Relational Causal Models with Cycles: Representation and Reasoning. CLeaR 2022.

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