The ReadMe was originally written in french, unfortunately I don't speak that language, so Deepl translated it.

ready to use ISO by @bbaranoff (not verified by me @Na1k) : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1YTdmb8JlvePSKiniwBKYyqXx-m-NhzIe/view?usp=sharing

Download Raspi-Imager from the official Raspberry website https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/

To install raspi-imager on a recent ubuntu host computer simply open a command window (Ctrl-Alt-T) and type

sudo snap install rpi-imager

Then select the following OS (Debian Bullseye the first in the list and the last existing at the time of writing)

and select the following options

ssh: username/password (hint: "pi"/"raspberry") Wifi : the WiFi of the phone or any other one you have access to optional : set hostname = raspberry.local

Then we select the media we are going to write to and we choose to write.

We put the card once finished that's it the raspberry should run with an OS. We can check via HDMI on a screen. Or if you want you can ssh access if the computer is on the same local network as the raspberry. If the network is 192.168.1.0/24 you need to do

nmap 192.168.1.1-254 -p 22

to find out the rpi address. Or if you don't know the gateway ip bytes

sudo arp -a

Finally, to access a shell on the same rpi

ssh pi@ip_of_the_pi_previously_found

or

ssh [email protected]

Once on the rpi shell as always:

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

Then we install the necessary packages:

sudo apt install git device-tree-compiler git python3-crypto python3-nmea2 python3-rpi.gpio python3-serial python3-spidev python3-configobj gpsd libgps-dev gpsd-clients python3-pip
pip3 install cayenneLPP
pip3 install pycrypto
pip3 install gpsd-py3

nano /etc/default/gpsd

# Default settings for the gpsd init script and the hotplug wrapper.

# Start the gpsd daemon automatically at boot time
START_DAEMON="true"

# Use USB hotplugging to add new USB devices automatically to the daemon
USBAUTO="false"

# Devices gpsd should collect to at boot time.
# They need to be read/writeable, either by user gpsd or the group dialout.
DEVICES="/dev/ttyAMA0"

# Other options you want to pass to gpsd
GPSD_OPTIONS="-n"

Then we add the following lines to /boot/config.txt:

enable_uart=1
dtoverlay=miniuart-bt
dtoverlay=spi-gpio-cs

Change the /boot/cmdline.txt file to

dwc_otg.lpm_enable=0 console=tty1 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootfstype=ext4 elevator=deadline fsck.repair=yes rootwait

Then in /home/pi

git clone https://github.com/computenodes/dragino
cd dragino/overlay
dtc -@ -I dts -O dtb -o spi-gpio-cs.dtbo spi-gpio-cs-overlay.dts
sudo cp spi-gpio-cs.dtbo /boot/overlays/
sudo reboot

Then in /home/pi we create the file gpscron as :

#!/bin/bash
sudo python3 /home/pi/dragino/test_cayenne.py

in /home/pi/dragino we write the file test_cayenne.py as :

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
    Test harness for dragino module - sends hello world out over LoRaWAN 5 times
"""python
import logging
from datetime import datetime
from time import sleep
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
from dragino import Dragino
#import subprocess
import gpsd
from cayenneLPP import CayenneLPP # import the module required to pack th$
import binascii
# importing the module
# connect to the local gpsd
gpsd.connect()
packet = gpsd.get_current()
# See the inline docs for GpsResponse for the available data
print(packet.position())
lat = packet.lat
lon = packet.lon
alt = packet.alt

print (lat, lon, alt)
lpp = CayenneLPP()
lpp.addGPS( 1, lat, lon, alt)
text=binascii.hexlify(lpp.getBuffer()).decode()
sent=list(binascii.unhexlify(text))
print(text)
logLevel=logging.DEBUG
logging.basicConfig(filename="test.log", format='%(asctime)s - %(funcName)s - %(lineno)d - %(levelname)s - %(message)s', level=logLevel)
D = Dragino("/home/pi/dragino/dragino.ini", logging_level=logLevel)
D.join()
while not D.registered():
    print("Waiting for JOIN ACCEPT")
    sleep(2)
for i in range(0, 2):
    D.send_bytes(sent)
    start = datetime.utcnow()
    while D.transmitting:
        pass
    end = datetime.utcnow()
    print("Sent GPS coordinates ({})".format(end-start))
    sleep(1)

We take the /home/pi/dragino/dragino.ini.default file and rewrite it to /home/pi/dragino/dragino.ini as follows

gps_baud_rate = 9600
gps_serial_port = /dev/ttyS0
gps_serial_timeout = 1
gps_wait_period = 10

#LoRaWAN configuration
spreading_factor = 7
max_power = 0x0F
output_power = 0x0E
sync_word = 0x34
rx_crc = True
#Where to store the frame count
fcount_filename = .lora_fcount

##Valid auth modes are ABP or OTAA
##All values are hex arrays eg devaddr = 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04
#auth_mode = "abp
#devaddr = 
#nwskey = 
#appskey =

auth_mode = otaa
deveui = 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFD, 0xFC, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF
appkey = 0x70, 0xB3, 0xD5, 0x00, 0x00, 0xD5, 0xB3, 0x70
appkey = 0x3D, 0x83, 0xC3, 0x16, 0x2C, 0xAD, 0x44, 0xB7, 0xB0, 0x50, 0x6C, 0x3C, 0xA1, 0x54, 0x36, 0xB7

When choosing the deveui, call them in such a way that they are unique on ttn. And the appkey with enough entropy that it cannot be brute-forced.

Finally to run the python script every minute:

sudo crontab -e

Select your favourite editor and add the line

* * * * * /home/pi/gpscron

at the end of the file. On the raspberry side everything should be ready now

We go in applications we create an application then we go in enddevices and we choose + Add Endevice

Then we choose the parameters of the object (AppEUI, DevEUI, AppKey) so that they correspond to those established previously in /home/pi/dragino/dragino.ini

i.e. in the example of this study :

deveui = 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFD, 0xFC, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF
appkey = 0x70, 0xB3, 0xD5, 0x00, 0x00, 0xD5, 0xB3, 0x70
appkey = 0x3D, 0x83, 0xC3, 0x16, 0x2C, 0xAD, 0x44, 0xB7, 0xB0, 0x50, 0x6C, 0x3C, 0xA1, 0x54, 0x36, 0xB7

Starting the pi (GPS tips and tricks !!!!!)

On the pi shell:

sudo ntpdate en.pool.ntp.org

Put the RPi outside Unplug the GPS Tx jumper from the Hat dragino power the RPi wait for the 3D fix (the green LED on the dragino, not the RPi) and plug (hot) the Tx jumper.

That should be it you have your first (?) connected object (to LoRaWan)

Finally in the case of this study we chose to put the payload in the form CayenneLPP we will see why later. In order for TheThingsNetwork to interpret the payload, it must be told

To see the object on ttn go to the application you just created select your enddevice and live data you should see something like

Go to https://mydevices.com/

Create a Cayenne account

Select TheThingsNetwork

Dragino RPi Hat selection and put the DevEUI

Live data from the GPS tracker !!!!!!!!!!