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Custom Routes and F5 BIG-IP

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This repo links two networks together in an approximation of Dedicated Interconnect, demonstrating how to use custom routes between VPCs to force use of multiple BIG-IP instances as next-hop gateways.

HLA

  1. Client instance
    • NGINX reverse-proxy configured to send all requests to backend instances in 172.17.0.0/16 network
    • Public IP, with FW rules to allow ingress from public internet
  2. Service instances
    • NGINX hosting a static web page
    • No public IP, egress through control network only
  3. BIG-IP instances
    • 3-NIC configuration, with interfaces in dmz, control, and service
    • Virtual Server defined on VIP(s) with Service instances as pool members
    • Forwarding rule defined on external interface (dmz)
  4. client and dmz networks are connected via VPC Peering, with custom routes advertised
    • client is advertising 172.16.0.0/16 to dmz
    • dmz is advertising 172.18.0.0/16 to client
    • dmz is advertising custom route 172.17.0.0/16 with next-hop as BIG-IP VMs

Setup

  1. Create the networking foundations See foundations module for example setup

  2. Create/modify the Terraform environment files with required inputs

  3. Execute Terraform to create the BIG-IP instance and Route

    NOTE: due to weak module dependencies, you may need to invoke this step as multiple operations so that the reserved internal IP addresses are created before the dependent resources.

    terraform init -backend-config env/ENV/poc.config
    terraform apply -var-file env/ENV/poc.tfvars -auto-approve -target google_compute_address.bigip
    terraform apply -var-file env/ENV/poc.tfvars -auto-approve

    If an error is reported that 'There is a route operation in progress on the local or peer network' repeat the last terraform apply to complete setup.

    terraform apply -var-file env/ENV/poc.tfvars -auto-approve

Testing

  1. Open a browser to the public IP address of a client VM. The page will show the name of the backend service instance, and the internal IP address of whichever BIG-IP instance processed the request.
  2. Refresh the page until you see a different BIG-IP address, prooving that GCP is distributing requests to all BIG-IPs.

Clean up

  1. Destroy resources via Terraform

    terraform destroy -var-file env/ENV/poc.tfvars -auto-approve
  2. Clean up foundational resource if necessary

Requirements

Name Version
terraform ~> 0.12
google ~> 3.34
google ~> 3.34

Providers

Name Version
google ~> 3.34 ~> 3.34
google.executor ~> 3.34 ~> 3.34
random n/a

Inputs

Name Description Type Default Required
bigip_image The BIG-IP image to use; default is a v15.1.0.4 PAYG licensed GOOD/25MBps image. string "projects/f5-7626-networks-public/global/images/f5-bigip-15-1-0-4-0-0-6-payg-good-25mbps-200618231522" no
bigip_sa The fully-qualified email address of BIG-IP service account. string n/a yes
client_sa The fully-qualified email address of client VMs service account. string n/a yes
client_subnet A self-link for the client subnet that will host client VMs that will
communicate with service VMs through BIG-IP as an advertised next-hop.
string n/a yes
control_subnet A self-link for the control subnet that will host BIG-IP, client, and service
management interfaces.
string n/a yes
dmz_subnet A self-link for the DMZ subnet that will host BIG-IP external interface. string n/a yes
nonce A nonce to uniquely identify the resources created. string "cloud-route-poc" no
num_bigips The number of BIG-IP instances to create. Default is 2. number 2 no
num_clients The number of client instances to create. Default is 1. number 1 no
num_services The number of service instances to create. Default is 2. number 2 no
project_id The existing project id that will host the resources. E.g.
project_id = "example-project-id"
string n/a yes
service_sa The fully-qualified email address of service VMs service account. string n/a yes
service_subnet A self-link for the service subnet that will host BIG-IP internal interface, and
service VMs.
string n/a yes
tf_sa_email The fully-qualified email address of the Terraform service account to use for
resource creation. E.g.
tf_sa_email = "terraform@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com"
string n/a yes
tf_sa_token_lifetime_secs The expiration duration for the service account token, in seconds. This value
should be high enough to prevent token timeout issues during resource creation,
but short enough that the token is useless replayed later. Default value is 1200.
number 1200 no
zone The zone to use for BIG-IP and other resources. Default is 'us-central1-f'. string "us-central1-f" no

Outputs

Name Description
bigip_control_plane_ips The collective set of IP addresses that are assigned to BIG-IP instances
attached to the control-plane subnet.
client_public_ips The public IP addresses for the client instances.

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