• Recently added the DeepLabV3 model!

• Recently converted to using ResNet V2 instead of V1 for better performance!

• Open up an issue to suggest a new feature or improvement!

This repository serves as a Semantic Segmentation Suite. The goal is to easily be able to implement, train, and test new Semantic Segmentation models! Complete with the following:

• Training and testing modes
• Data augmentation
• Several state-of-the-art models. Easily plug and play with different models
• Able to use any dataset
• Evaluation including precision, recall, f1 score, average accuracy, per-class accuracy, and mean IoU
• Plotting of loss function and accuracy over epochs

Any suggestions to improve this repository, including any new segmentation models you would like to see are welcome!

The following models are currently made available:

• Encoder-Decoder based on SegNet. This network uses a VGG-style encoder-decoder, where the upsampling in the decoder is done using transposed convolutions.

• Encoder-Decoder with skip connections based on SegNet. This network uses a VGG-style encoder-decoder, where the upsampling in the decoder is done using transposed convolutions. In addition, it employs additive skip connections from the encoder to the decoder.

• Mobile UNet for Semantic Segmentation. Combining the ideas of MobileNets Depthwise Separable Convolutions with UNet to build a high speed, low parameter Semantic Segmentation model.

• Pyramid Scene Parsing Network. In this paper, the capability of global context information by different-region based context aggregation is applied through a pyramid pooling module together with the proposed pyramid scene parsing network (PSPNet).

• The One Hundred Layers Tiramisu: Fully Convolutional DenseNets for Semantic Segmentation. Uses a downsampling-upsampling style encoder-decoder network. Each stage i.e between the pooling layers uses dense blocks. In addition, it concatenated skip connections from the encoder to the decoder. In the code, this is the FC-DenseNet model.

• Rethinking Atrous Convolution for Semantic Image Segmentation. This is the DeepLabV3 network. Uses Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling to capture multi-scale context by using multiple atrous rates. This creates a large receptive field.

• RefineNet: Multi-Path Refinement Networks for High-Resolution Semantic Segmentation. A multi-path refinement network that explicitly exploits all the information available along the down-sampling process to enable high-resolution prediction using long-range residual connections. In this way, the deeper layers that capture high-level semantic features can be directly refined using fine-grained features from earlier convolutions.

• Full-Resolution Residual Networks for Semantic Segmentation in Street Scenes. Combines multi-scale context with pixel-level accuracy by using two processing streams within the network. The residual stream carries information at the full image resolution, enabling precise adherence to segment boundaries. The pooling stream undergoes a sequence of pooling operations to obtain robust features for recognition. The two streams are coupled at the full image resolution using residuals. In the code, this is the FRRN model.

• Large Kernel Matters -- Improve Semantic Segmentation by Global Convolutional Network. Proposes a Global Convolutional Network to address both the classification and localization issues for the semantic segmentation. Uses large separable kernals to expand the receptive field, plus a boundary refinement block to further improve localization performance near boundaries.

• Or make your own and plug and play!

Note: If you are using any of the networks that rely on a pre-trained ResNet, then you will need to download the pre-trained weights using the provided script. These are currently: PSPNet, RefineNet.

• main.py: Training, Testing on dataset, and Prediction on a single image

• helper.py: Quick helper functions for data preparation and visualization

• utils.py: Utilities for printing, debugging, testing, and evaluation

• get_pretrained_checkpoints.py: Downloads the pre-trained ResNet V2 weights for ResNet50, ResNet101, and ResNet152

• models: Folder containing all model files. Use this to build your models, or use a pre-built one

• CamVid: The CamVid datatset for Semantic Segmentation as a test bed. This is the 32 class version

• checkpoints: Checkpoint files for each epoch during training

• Test: Test results including images, per-class accuracies, precision, recall, and f1 score

This project has the following dependencies:

• Numpy sudo pip install numpy

• OpenCV Python sudo apt-get install python-opencv

• TensorFlow sudo pip install --upgrade tensorflow-gpu

The only thing you have to do to get started is set up the folders in the following structure:

├── "dataset_name"                   
|   ├── train
|   ├── train_labels
|   ├── val
|   ├── val_labels
|   ├── test
|   ├── test_labels

Put a text file under the dataset directory called "class_dict.csv" which contains the list of classes along with the R, G, B colour labels to visualize the segmentation results. This kind of dictionairy is usually supplied with the dataset. Here is an example for the CamVid dataset:

name,r,g,b
Animal,64,128,64
Archway,192,0,128
Bicyclist,0,128, 192
Bridge,0, 128, 64
Building,128, 0, 0
Car,64, 0, 128
CartLuggagePram,64, 0, 192
Child,192, 128, 64
Column_Pole,192, 192, 128
Fence,64, 64, 128
LaneMkgsDriv,128, 0, 192
LaneMkgsNonDriv,192, 0, 64
Misc_Text,128, 128, 64
MotorcycleScooter,192, 0, 192
OtherMoving,128, 64, 64
ParkingBlock,64, 192, 128
Pedestrian,64, 64, 0
Road,128, 64, 128
RoadShoulder,128, 128, 192
Sidewalk,0, 0, 192
SignSymbol,192, 128, 128
Sky,128, 128, 128
SUVPickupTruck,64, 128,192
TrafficCone,0, 0, 64
TrafficLight,0, 64, 64
Train,192, 64, 128
Tree,128, 128, 0
Truck_Bus,192, 128, 192
Tunnel,64, 0, 64
VegetationMisc,192, 192, 0
Void,0, 0, 0
Wall,64, 192, 0

Then you can simply run main.py! Check out the optional command line arguments:

usage: main.py [-h] [--num_epochs NUM_EPOCHS] [--mode MODE] [--image IMAGE]
               [--continue_training CONTINUE_TRAINING] [--dataset DATASET]
               [--crop_height CROP_HEIGHT] [--crop_width CROP_WIDTH]
               [--batch_size BATCH_SIZE] [--num_val_images NUM_VAL_IMAGES]
               [--h_flip H_FLIP] [--v_flip V_FLIP] [--brightness BRIGHTNESS]
               [--rotation ROTATION] [--zoom ZOOM] [--model MODEL]

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  --num_epochs NUM_EPOCHS
                        Number of epochs to train for
  --mode MODE           Select "train", "test", or "predict" mode. Note that
                        for prediction mode you have to specify an image to
                        run the model on.
  --image IMAGE         The image you want to predict on. Only valid in
                        "predict" mode.
  --continue_training CONTINUE_TRAINING
                        Whether to continue training from a checkpoint
  --dataset DATASET     Dataset you are using.
  --crop_height CROP_HEIGHT
                        Height of cropped input image to network
  --crop_width CROP_WIDTH
                        Width of cropped input image to network
  --batch_size BATCH_SIZE
                        Number of images in each batch
  --num_val_images NUM_VAL_IMAGES
                        The number of images to used for validations
  --h_flip H_FLIP       Whether to randomly flip the image horizontally for
                        data augmentation
  --v_flip V_FLIP       Whether to randomly flip the image vertically for data
                        augmentation
  --brightness BRIGHTNESS
                        Whether to randomly change the image brightness for
                        data augmentation
  --rotation ROTATION   Whether to randomly rotate the image for data
                        augmentation
  --zoom ZOOM           Whether to randomly zoom in for data augmentation
  --model MODEL         The model you are using. Currently supports: FC-
                        DenseNet56, FC-DenseNet67, FC-DenseNet103, Encoder-
                        Decoder, Encoder-Decoder-Skip, RefineNet-Res50,
                        RefineNet-Res101, RefineNet-Res152, FRRN-A, FRRN-B,
                        MobileUNet, MobileUNet-Skip, PSPNet-Res50, PSPNet-
                        Res101, PSPNet-Res152, GCN-Res50, GCN-Res101, GCN-
                        Res152, custom

These are some sample results for the CamVid dataset with 11 classes (previous research version).

In training, I used a batch size of 1 and image size of 352x480. The following results are for the FC-DenseNet103 model trained for 300 epochs. I used RMSProp with learning rate 0.001 and decay 0.995. I did not use any data augmentation like in the paper.

Note that the checkpoint files are not uploaded to this repository since they are too big for GitHub (greater than 100 MB)

Loss vs Epochs	Val. Acc. vs Epochs

Original	GT	Result