We're going to be installing docker-ce-17.03.0. , this new release schema (using year / month for quarterly releases) replaces the older versioning scheme (Docker version 1.12.1)
In order to install Docker execute the following commands:
yum install -y yum-utils
yum-config-manager \
--add-repo \
https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum makecache fast
yum -y install docker-ce-17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker
firewall-cmd --add-port=22/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --add-port=2376/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --add-port=2377/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --add-port=7946/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --add-port=7946/udp --permanent
firewall-cmd --add-port=4789/udp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
systemctl restart docker
firewall-cmd --add-port=22/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --add-port=2376/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --add-port=7946/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --add-port=7946/udp --permanent
firewall-cmd --add-port=4789/udp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
systemctl restart docker
The first thing we're going to do is initialize the swarm. This is done by executing the following command :
sudo docker swarm init
If all goes well a Swarm will be initialized on the machine, where it will be accepting connections from nodes on TCP socket 2377.
Swarm initialized: current node (z71es0zrd4vonzo2gtdvvslcf) is now a manager.
To add a worker to this swarm, run the following command:
docker swarm join \
--token SWMTKN-1-57oalkpfsq8o70wxjnjt378068moqma67k3w42lynwkxptpl76-cl1y7jle0byil5cxbc8ld7xs5 \
192.168.0.191:2377
If you have multiple interfaces, and you want to bind to a particular IP, you can use the advertise-addr <IP ADDRESS> option.
Congratulations, you've created your first Swarm. If you have any issues please refer to the Swarm trouble shooting section below.
You can now ready view the status of your swarm by issueing the following:
[root@centos-vm ~]# docker node ls
ID HOSTNAME STATUS AVAILABILITY MANAGER STATUS
z71es0zrd4vonzo2gtdvvslcf * centos-vm Ready Active Leader
So now we have 1 Leader in the swarm cluster (ourselves). Now its time to add workers
As you can see from the output, worker nodes can add the swarm by issuing the command above. Not that you can always see this output again by executing the command below on the manager :
docker swarm join-token worker
Copy paste the output on a worker node on centos-a, and that worker node will become part of the swarm. If the node was already part of a swarm you'll need to leave the current swarm first.
[root@centos-vm ~]# docker node ls
ID HOSTNAME STATUS AVAILABILITY MANAGER STATUS
uygn54lnlq8ecm6wazh3b8k80 centos-a Ready Active
z71es0zrd4vonzo2gtdvvslcf * centos-vm Ready Active Leader
Do the same on centos-b
[root@centos-vm ~]# docker node ls
ID HOSTNAME STATUS AVAILABILITY MANAGER STATUS
77lwga8siyh7yx4m92aqd3mlb centos-b Ready Active
uygn54lnlq8ecm6wazh3b8k80 centos-a Ready Active
z71es0zrd4vonzo2gtdvvslcf * centos-vm Ready Active Leader
Before we can start the swarm we need to do 2 things
git clone https://github.com/janis-ax/nifi.cluster.docker.swarm.git
mkdir -p /srv/nifi/flow
mkdir -p /srv/nifi/content_repository
mkdir -p /srv/nifi/database_repository
mkdir -p /srv/nifi/flowfile_repository
mkdir -p /srv/nifi/provenance_repository
mkdir -p /srv/nifi/work
mkdir -p /srv/nifi/logs
mkdir -p /tmp/data
When this is done we can start the stack like this:
docker stack deploy --with-registry-auth -c docker-compose.yml stack1
docker stack rm stack1
A couple of things to note when running components that have inherent clustering support themselves. In a typical scenario when deploying stateless services into docker swarm, docker swarm itself takes care of replication, load balancing and failover. It is in essesnce an out-of-the-box cluster solution and your services don't need to worry about anything. You take 1 service definition, and you give it a desired state (for example I want to have 2 replicaes).
When it comes to components that have their own clustering solution (like Nifi, but also Zookeeper or Kafka) we need a different approach. In that scenario, if we want to make them available in Docker Swarm, we cannot let Swarm handle the replication for us, but we ned to configure them in such a way that we let the component itself do the clustering.
Nifi has a zero-master clusternig and depends on Apache ZooKeeper to provide automatic election of different clustering-related roles. In Nifi's case we have
- Primary Node
- Cluster Coordinator
Explain (todo)
Explain (todo)
In Docker swarm, every service instance has 2 ip addresses. 1 internal address specific to that particular instance, and 1 DNS address that is the same for all instances. In the current swarm implementation, the way that a host is resolved differs from the fact if the resolve took place internally (inside the container), or from another place in the swarm (outside the container, but in the same swarm network). This is illustrated in moby/moby#30963 and has some consequences for Apache Nifi.
docker service inspect --format='{{json .Endpoint.VirtualIPs}}' stack1_nifi1
[{"NetworkID":"ubzje45aw1e38b6p17qaxlns5","Addr":"10.255.0.8/16"},{"NetworkID":"r1nhzzbj9tju52zvc448wogdy","Addr":"10.0.0.10/24"}]
Inside the container, when we ping th instance we get the same ip address:
[root@centos-a ~]# docker exec -ti 215a14b35c82 /bin/sh
# ping stack1_nifi1
PING stack1_nifi1 (10.0.0.10): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 10.0.0.10: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.047 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.074 ms
However, when we look at /etc/hosts, we see a different ip address:
# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
10.0.0.11 215a14b35c82
When Nifi starts, it starts a web server for the ui and therefor needs to bind to a certain ip / host. When nothing is provided, it binds to 0.0.0.0, listens on all interfaces (including 10.0.0.11 and 10.0.0.10).
Because nifi.web.http.host is blank it defaults to localhost and uses that to identify himself.
As a consequence, the NodeID that it uses to identify itself in the cluster becomes localhost:8080.
# Leave blank so that it binds to all possible interfaces
nifi.web.http.host=
nifi.web.http.port=8080 #(8085 on the other node)
As Nifi seems to be using nifi.web.http.host to generate the NodeID, and to identify the nodes to do UI replication. the obvious fix would be to specify the actual hostname here. That way Nifi would bind to the interfaces configured for that host (by doing a reverse DNS lookup).
The problem with that is that nifi only listens on 10.10.0.10 when using nifi.web.http.host=nifi1
When starting with nifi.web.http.host=localhost from inside the container:
curl -v http://10.0.0.10:8080/nifi/ connection refused
curl -v http://10.0.0.11:8080/nifi/ connection refused
curl -v http://stack1_nifi1:8080/nifi/ connection refused
When starting with nifi.web.http.host=nifi1 from inside the container:
curl -v http://10.0.0.10:8080/nifi/ connection refused
curl -v http://10.0.0.11:8080/nifi/ connection refused
curl -v http://stack1_nifi1:8080/nifi/ connection refused
When starting with nifi.web.http.host=10.0.0.10 from inside the container:
curl -v http://10.0.0.10:8080/nifi/ connection refused
curl -v http://10.0.0.11:8080/nifi/ connection refused
curl -v http://stack1_nifi1:8080/nifi/ connection refused
When starting with nifi.web.http.host=10.0.0.11 from inside the container:
curl -v http://10.0.0.10:8080/nifi/ http 200
curl -v http://10.0.0.11:8080/nifi/ http 200
curl -v http://stack1_nifi1:8080/nifi/ http 200
So we only get good results when the listen address is 10.0.0.11.
However, when specifying nifi.web.http.host=nifi1, it seems to listen at 10.0.0.10 resulting in failures.
As we obviously don't want to hardcode ip addresses in web.http.host, and we cannot use localhost we're left with using nifi.
As a workaround, we can specify the hostname flag in our docker config, to inject nifi1 in the hostfile.
That way, when we look in the hosts file, we see that nifi1 will resolve to 10.0.0.11 and all is good.
[root@centos-a ~]# docker exec -ti f2e /bin/sh
# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
10.0.0.11 nifi1
When you create s swarm, part of the output will be an ip addesss port where workers can join. Double check the IP address when creating a swarm cluster.
In an environment with dynamic ips, it's possible that swarm remembered the previous IP. If you want to completely re-initialize the cluster you can use the --force-new-cluster option.
If the machine is already part of the cluster you'll get the following error:
Error response from daemon: This node is already part of a swarm. Use "docker swarm leave" to leave this swarm and join another one.
If the manager is not part of a swarm you'll get this:
Error response from daemon: This node is not a swarm manager. Use "docker swarm init" or "docker swarm join" to connect this node to swarm and try again.
If you get the following error message
Error response from daemon: --live-restore daemon configuration is incompatible with swarm mode
You need to edit the following file and turn off live restore.
cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"live-restore": true
}
If you're unable to join the swarm cluster, check your '/var/log/messages' to make sure that the nodes can contact the swarm leader
Mar 17 02:27:48 localhost dockerd: time="2017-03-17T02:27:48.650544962-04:00" level=error msg="Failed to join memberlist [172.20.10.3] on retry: 1 error(s) occurred:\n\n* Failed to join 172.20.10.3: dial tcp 172.20.10.3:7946: getsockopt: connection refused"
Mar 17 02:27:49 localhost dockerd: time="2017-03-17T02:27:49.650392919-04:00" level=error msg="Failed to join memberlist [172.20.10.3] on retry: 1 error(s) occurred:\n\n* Failed to join 172.20.10.3: dial tcp 172.20.10.3:7946: getsockopt: connection refused"
Double check that there are no firewall issues by issueing a telnet to the swarm leader
root@centos-a ~]# telnet 192.168.0.191 2377
Trying 192.168.0.191...
Connected to 192.168.0.191.
Escape character is '^]'.
[root@centos-a ~]# telnet 192.168.0.191 7946
Trying 192.168.0.191...
Connected to 192.168.0.191.
Escape character is '^]'.
Dobule check that yout swarm leader is listening to the various ports
[root@centos-vm swarm]# netstat -tulpn | grep docker
tcp6 0 0 :::7946 :::* LISTEN 1039/dockerd
tcp6 0 0 :::2377 :::* LISTEN 1039/dockerd
udp6 0 0 :::7946 :::* 1039/dockerd
if you forgot how to join the swarm cluster as either a manager or as a worker, issue the following commands
docker swarm join-token manager
docker swarm join-token worker
Sometimes swarm can get confused, and you might want to leave the swarm altogether.
[root@centosvm multi-user.target.wants]# docker swarm init --advertise-addr 192.168.0.191
Error response from daemon: This node is already part of a swarm. Use "docker swarm leave" to leave this swarm and join another one.
[root@centosvm multi-user.target.wants]# docker swarm leave
Error response from daemon: context deadline exceeded
[root@centosvm multi-user.target.wants]# docker node ls
Error response from daemon: rpc error: code = 2 desc = raft: no elected cluster leader
In that case you can force the creation of a new cluster like this
docker swarm init --force-new-cluster
docker swarm init --advertise-addr 172.16.3.154 --force-new-cluster
Sometimes you see this in /var/log/messages
Mar 6 15:05:45 localhost dockerd-current: time="2017-03-06T15:05:45.628495856-05:00" level=info msg="{Action=networks, Username=root, LoginUID=0, PID=3581}"
Mar 6 15:07:01 localhost dockerd-current: time="2017-03-06T15:07:01.848843383-05:00" level=info msg="{Action=leave, Username=root, LoginUID=0, PID=3588}"
Mar 6 15:07:28 localhost dockerd-current: time="2017-03-06T15:07:28.444636373-05:00" level=info msg="{Action=join, Username=root, LoginUID=0, PID=3592}"
Mar 6 15:07:28 localhost dockerd-current: time="2017-03-06T15:07:28.447964027-05:00" level=warning msg="Could not find ingress network while leaving: network ingress not found"
Mar 6 15:07:28 localhost dockerd-current: time="2017-03-06T15:07:28.463132389-05:00" level=info msg="Waiting for TLS certificate to be issued..."
Mar 6 15:07:28 localhost dockerd-current: time="2017-03-06T15:07:28.469101946-05:00" level=info msg="Downloaded new TLS credentials with role: swarm-worker."
Mar 6 15:07:28 localhost dockerd-current: time="2017-03-06T15:07:28.547430841-05:00" level=info msg="{Action=01oa7e502xhbsgo7681brbmxn, Username=root, LoginUID=0, PID=3592}"
where we should have seen this
Mar 6 15:14:45 localhost dockerd-current: time="2017-03-06T15:14:45.923136031-05:00" level=info msg="{Action=join, Username=root, LoginUID=0, PID=2500}"
Mar 6 15:14:45 localhost dockerd-current: time="2017-03-06T15:14:45.967385587-05:00" level=info msg="Waiting for TLS certificate to be issued..."
Mar 6 15:14:45 localhost dockerd-current: time="2017-03-06T15:14:45.974734682-05:00" level=info msg="Downloaded new TLS credentials with role: swarm-worker."
Mar 6 15:14:46 localhost dockerd-current: time="2017-03-06T15:14:46.075697387-05:00" level=info msg="Initializing Libnetwork Agent Listen-Addr=0.0.0.0 Local-addr=192.168.0.122 Adv-addr=192.168.0.122 Remote-addr =192.168.0.191"
Mar 6 15:14:46 localhost dockerd-current: time="2017-03-06T15:14:46.075744718-05:00" level=info msg="Gossip cluster hostname node2-650c2ff501e4"
Mar 6 15:14:46 localhost dockerd-current: time="2017-03-06T15:14:46.109140645-05:00" level=info msg="{Action=1n8aitz5d4omfuu3n69m4jt3e, Username=root, LoginUID=0, PID=2500}"
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