^         Matches the beginning of a line

$         Matches the end of the line

.         Matches any character

\s        Matches whitespace

\S        Matches any non-whitespace character

*         Repeats a character zero or more times

*?        Repeats a character zero or more times (non-greedy)

+         Repeats a character one or more times

+?        Repeats a character one or more times (non-greedy)

[aeiou]   Matches a single character in the listed set

[^XYZ]    Matches a single character not in the listed set

[a-z0-9]  The set of characters can include a range

(         Indicates where string extraction is to start

)         Indicates where string extraction is to end