Bash Scripting Basics
This README provides an introduction to the fundamentals of Bash scripting, covering essential concepts and syntax to help you write and understand Bash scripts.
Table of Contents
- Overview
- Script Structure
- Shebang
- Comments
- Variables
- Conditional Statements
- Loops
- Functions
- Running a Bash Script
- Contributing
- License
Overview
Bash (Bourne Again SHell) is a widely-used shell and command language interpreter in Unix and Linux operating systems. Bash scripts are sequences of commands written in the Bash language and executed in a Bash environment.
This README provides a basic understanding of Bash scripting, covering key aspects such as script structure, syntax, variables, conditionals, loops, functions, and how to run a Bash script.
Script Structure
A Bash script typically follows this structure:
#!/bin/bash
# Your script commands here
# ...
Shebang
The #!/bin/bash
line, known as the shebang, tells the system to use Bash to interpret the script.
Comments
Comments in Bash start with #
and are used to annotate the script with human-readable information. Comments are ignored during script execution.
Variables
Variables in Bash are assigned using the syntax variable_name=value
. Example:
greeting="Hello, World!"
echo $greeting
Conditional Statements
-
If-else statement:
if [ condition ]; then # commands if condition is true else # commands if condition is false fi
-
Case statement:
case $variable in pattern1) # commands for pattern1 ;; pattern2) # commands for pattern2 ;; *) # default commands ;; esac
Loops
-
For loop:
for i in {1..5}; do # commands done
-
While loop:
while [ condition ]; do # commands done
Functions
Functions in Bash are defined and called using the following syntax:
function_name() {
# function body
}
# Call the function
function_name
Running a Bash Script
-
Make the script executable:
chmod +x script_name.sh
-
Run the script:
./script_name.sh
Contributing
Contributions and feedback are welcome! Feel free to open issues or submit pull requests if you have any suggestions or improvements.
License
This project is licensed under the MIT License.