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misty0304 avatar misty0304 commented on August 18, 2024

两者的加载方式不同、规范不同

第一、两者的加载方式不同,require 是在运行时加载,而 import 是在编译时加载

require('./a')(); // a 模块是一个函数,立即执行 a 模块函数

var data = require('./a').data; // a 模块导出的是一个对象

var a = require('./a')[0]; // a 模块导出的是一个数组 ======> 哪都行

import $ from 'jquery';

import * as _ from '_';

import {a,b,c} from './a';

import {default as alias, a as a_a, b, c} from './a'; ======>用在开头

第二、规范不同,require 是 CommonJS/AMD 规范,import 是 ESMAScript6+规范

第三、require 特点:社区方案,提供了服务器/浏览器的模块加载方案。非语言层面的标准。只能在运行时确定模块的依赖关系及输入/输出的变量,无法进行静态优化。

import 特点:语言规格层面支持模块功能。支持编译时静态分析,便于 JS 引入宏和类型检验。动态绑定。

from day-interview.

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